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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is weathering
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-the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks.
-takes place at the earth's surface. -2 types: physical chemical |
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Physical Weathering
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-breakdown of rock mechanically
-no chemical change -frost action (frost wedging): water freezes and expands, cracking rock (COOL, HUMID, CLIMATE) like NY -plant roots break up rock -abrasion: particles grind against rock breaking it down |
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Chemical Weathering
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-rock reaks down due to chemical changes (reactions)
-oxidiation: iron combines with oxygen to form rust (ron oxide) -carbonic acid: formed from CO2 dissolved in water-some rocks react with this acid (ex calcite) |
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Factors Affecting Weathering
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1. exposure
-depends on exposure of rocks to air, wind, and water 2. partical size -small particles, greater surface area, more weathering -rate of weathering faster 3. mineral composition -ex:calicite in limestone -dissolves in water, weathers faster -halite dissolves in water weathers faster 4. climate -warm moist climate, more chemical weathering -cool, humiid more (must be warm enough for ice to melt) |
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Soil Formation
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-soil: a combination of particles or rock, minerals, and organic produced by weathering
-mature soil:4 horizons (layers): topsoil, subsoil, partially weathered soil, bedrock -topsoil can be transported or residual |
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Eroision
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-weathered rock being moved
-force:gravity -agents: -water(streams) -wind -glaciers |
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Running Water
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-Major agent of erosion
-leaves behind rounded, smoth sediment -forms v-shaped valleys (hint riVer) |
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Wind
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-leaves behind frosted, pitted, sediments
-loose sediments (sand or smaller) abrade (wear away) rocks -arid areas |
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Glaciers
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-large mass of ice carves, scartches, and moves rock
-angular fragements -striated (scartched) rock -U-shaped valleys |
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Gravity
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-landslides
-slumping -hillside creep |
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Deposition
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-all sediments that are eroded are deposited most depostion occurs in streams
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