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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What causes different colors of visible light?
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different wavelengths
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What does most of the energy from the sun travel to Earth in form of?
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visible light and infrared radiation
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What happens to energy from the sun that is neither reflected or absorbed?
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pass through the atmosphere to the surface
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What reflects energy from the sun in the atmosphere?
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Clouds, dust particles, and gases
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What absorbs energy from the sun in the atmosphere?
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Water vapor, carbon dioxide, clouds, dust, and other gases
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What is energy changed to that is absorbed by land and water?
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heat |
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3 true things about infrared radiation
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invisible
felt as heat longer wavelengths than red light |
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What can ultraviolet radiation cause?
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skin cancer
eye damage sunburns |
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What is true about Scattering?
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Scattered light is bluer than ordinary sunlight Explains why the daytime sky looks blue
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How does a thermometer work? |
Temperature increases, liquid in bulb expands and rises up column. Temperature decreases, liquid contracts and moves down. |
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What is freezing point of water in celsius and fahrenheit? |
0 Celsius 32 F |
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What is boiling point of water in celsius and fahrenheit? |
100 celsius 213 F |
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What are 3 ways heat is transferred? |
radiation conduction convection |
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What is most of the heating of the troposphere caused by? |
convection |
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What is ultimate source of energy that powers the wind? |
sun |
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Why does wind blowing over skin make you feel colder? |
removes body heat |
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As Earth rotates, Coriolis effect causes winds in NH to turn towards? |
right |
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What are 2 calm areas around Earth? (global wind belts) |
doldrums and horse latitudes |
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Name 3 wind belts and direction of each. |
Trade winds toward equator Prevailing westerlies toward poles Polar easterlies away from poles |
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Why do clouds form? |
condensation of water vapor |
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What clouds are made up of mostly ice crystals? |
cirrus |
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What clouds produce rain or snow? |
cumulonimbus and nimbostratus |
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What type of cloud is at or near surface? |
fog |
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What is most common type of precipitation? |
rain |
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How do mist/drizzle differ from rain? |
smaller drops |
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What damage can hailstones do? |
crops, cars and buildings |
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Why do ice storms cause power failures? |
freezing rain freezes, builds up as ice on branches which can break onto power lines |
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Jet streams are: |
hundreds of KM wide blow speeds of 200-400 km/hr |
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3 things that are true about Global winds |
curve because of Earth's rotation produced by movement of air between equator and poles they curve because of Earth's rotation |
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What are 2 things conduction works well in? |
metals some solids |
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What causes local winds?
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unequal heating of the Earth's surface within a small area
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What causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain?
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cooling of humid air as it rises up over the mountain causes condensation and cloud formation
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