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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bill of Rights |
The first 10 amendments To the U.S. Constitution ratified in 1791 They ensure certain rights and liberties to the people |
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION |
Government policies or programs that seek to redress past injustices against specified groups by making special efforts to provide members of these groups with access to EDUCATIONAL and EMPLOYMNENT opportunities |
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BILL OF ATTAINER |
A LAW that declares a person GUILTY WITHOUT a trial |
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CIVIL LIBERTIES |
Areas of PERSONAL FREEDOM Constituitionally protected from government interference |
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CIVIL RIGHTS |
Obligation imposed on government to take positive action to protect citizens from any illegal action of government agencies and of other private citizens |
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De FACTO |
"By fact" Practices that occur even when there is no legal enforcement, such as school segregation in much of the U.S. Today |
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De JURE |
BY LAW Legally enforces practices, Such as school segregation in the South before 1960s |
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DOUBLE JEPARDY |
Cannot be tried for the same crime TWICE 5th ammendment |
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EMINENT DOMAIN |
The right of the government to take private property for public use |
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ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE |
FIRST Ammenment clause Congress shall make no law repespecting an establishment of religion SEPARATION of Church and state |
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EXCLUSIONARY RULE |
The ability of courts to exclude evidence obtained in violation of the FOURTH ammendment |
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EX POST FACTO LAWS |
Laws that declare an action to be illegal after it has been committed |
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FIGHTING WORDS |
Speech that directly incites damaging conduct |
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FREE EXCERCISE CLAUSE |
FIRST AMMENDMENT protects a citizens right to believe and practice whatever religion me chooses |
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GRAND JURY |
Jury that determines whether sufficient evidence is available to justify a trial Grand juries do not rule on the accused guilt or innocence |
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HABEAS CORPUS |
A court order demanding that an individual in custody be brought into court and shown cause for detention |
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LIBEL |
A written statement made in "Reckless disregard for the truth" That is considered damaging to the victim because it is MALICIOUS, SCANDALOUS And DEFAMATORY |
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PRIOR RESTRAINT |
CENSORSHIP An effort by a governmental agency to block the publication of material it deems libelous or harmful in some other way. In the U.S. The courts FORBID prior restraint except under the most extraordinary circumstances |
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SLANDER |
An ORAL statement made in " Reckless disregard of the truth" That is considered damaging to the victim because it is Malicious, scandalous and defamatory |
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STRICT SCRUTINY |
A test used by the Supreme Court in racial discrimination cases and other cases involving civil liberties and civil rights that places the burden of proof on the government rather than on the challengers to show that the law in ? Is constitional |
