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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give three names of hard determinists
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John Hospers, Clarence Darrow,Steven Pinker
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Explain the position of John Hospers
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Hard determinist, held that there is always an internal or external force that moves us to action which we might think to be the result of free will.
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Explain the ideas of Darrow and Pinker
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Known as behaviourism, believed that social conditioning, genetic background and other outside influences are prior causes.
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What are the names of the boys Clarance Darrow defended?
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Nathan Leopold & Richard Loeb
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Who first discussed Psychological behaviourism?
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John B. Watson
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Who developed the idea of 'conditioning'?
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Ivan Pavlov
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Explain John Locke's analogy of human freedom.
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A man wakes in a room, he does not know that it is locked from the outside. He chooses to stay in the room. His ignorance gives him the illusion of freedom.
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Explain the libertarian stance upon the act od decision making
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■we do not already know what we are going to do
■it is in our power to do what we are thinking of doing |
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What point does Michael Palmer make in 'Moral Problems'?
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A is faster than B, B is faster than C. If they raced we cannot know who would win, even if A has won every other time.
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What is Palmer attempting to illustrate in his point in 'Moral Problems'?
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That contingent truths about the world make the future unpredictable. Something may actually happen in the future (A may actually beat B), but that doesn't mean it necessarily had to happen. We cannot know the future from contingent predictions.
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What is a contingent truth?
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One which could conceivably be false, for example, it is sunny. This could be true but it could very well be false.
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Explain in outline what libertarians believe
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Universal causation may apply to a mechanistic world but this does not effect human choice.
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What are the two different forces soft determinists believe in?
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Internal and external
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