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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 beat gaits
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walk and gallop/run
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2 beat diagonal gait
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trot/jog
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3 beat gait with a lead
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canter
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2 beat lateral gait
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pace
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motion exam for lameness usually at what gait?
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trot
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where do you start a lameness exam
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the foot
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90% of all lameness is in
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the foot
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lameness consistant at a trot is what grade?
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3
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lameness obvious at a walk is grade
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4
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unwilling to move is grade
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5
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nerve block that desensitizes the caudal 2/3 of the foot
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Palmar digital
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nerve block that does not desensitize the coffin bone
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Palmar digital
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AKA PD block/heel block
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Palmar digital
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desensitizes the entire foot
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Abaxial nerve block
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desensitizes from the fetlock down
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Low 4-point
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rotational change of the coffin bone
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founder
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initial physiologic event with laminitis
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increased systemic blood pressure
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founder is caused by which tendon being pulled
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DDFT
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caused by increased grain/carbs obesity/trauma/improper holf trimming colic/infections/black walnut shavings
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laminitis
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cs is shifting weight to hind legs
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laminitis
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cs-increased heat in foot/strong digital pulse
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laminitis
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Obel grade for recumbant
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4
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bacterial/fungal infection of the foot
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foot rot/thrush
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fusiform necrophorus seen in
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foot rot/thrush
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sheared/contracted/underrun heels caused by
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foot rot/thrush
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cs- foul tarry discharge from sulci/soft frog
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foot rot/thrush
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Tx for foot rot/thrush
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keep clean/dry
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AKA scratched/mud fever
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Grease heel
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moist dermatitis on pastern/heel bulbs
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Grease heel
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hot spots found on white haired areas
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Grease heel
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bruising at the bars
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corns
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Tx for sole bruises
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soak in warm water-epson salts/pack with sugardine
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an infected bruise of the foot
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subsolar abcesses
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#1 cause of acute non-weight bearing lameness
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subsolar abcesses
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tx includes soaking foot for 14 days, keeping foot covered/Tetanus booster/penicillin
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subsolar abcesses
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abcess opens to coronary band
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gravel
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Tx includes full in the heel/slipper the heel shoeing
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contracted heels
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calcification of the lateral cartilages of the foot
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sidebone
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type of lameness seen with sidebone
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none
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any pain originating in the heels
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navicular disease
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usually affects quarter horses
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navicular disease
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foot lands first/short, choppy gait/short anterier phase of stride/excessive toe wear
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navicular disease
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#1 tx for navicular disease
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corrective trimming
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prognosis of navicular disease
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chronic disease/wont go away
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arthritis of proximal interphalangeal joint
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high ringbone
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arthritis of distal interphalangeal joint
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low ringbone
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may be either articular or periarticual
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ringbone
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AKA buttress foot
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low ringbone
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worst prognosis for ringbone
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low articular
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crack starts at the ground goes up
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grass crack
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crack from coronary band down
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sand crack
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tx for hoof cracks
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oil added to the diet
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accum. of fluid in the meta carpo/tarso phalangeal joint pouches
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windpuffs
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cs-fluid pouches on the palmer/planter side of the fetlock
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windpuffs
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indication of mileage
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windpuffs
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tx for windpuffs
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none needed
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inflammation of the interosseus ligaments between cannon/splint bones
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splints
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cs-acute-firm swelling over splint bone/hot and painful to touch
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splints
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cs-chronic-hard/cool/non-painful popped splints
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splints
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tx acute splints
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stall rest/cold water/nsaids/bute/steroids
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inflammation of dorsal cortex MCIII or MTIII
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bucked shins
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#1 cause of lameness in 2y horses
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bucked shins
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arthiritis of metacarpo/taso phalangeal joint
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osselets
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caused by hyperextension of the tendon
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tendonitis
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which tendon usually affected in forelimb tendonitis
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SDFT
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AKA bowed tendon
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tendonitis
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pulled suspensory
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desmitis
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elbow hydroma
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shoe boil
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tx includes a boil boot
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shoe boil
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damage to the suprascapular nerve
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sweeny
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cant advance leg but can bear weight
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sweeny
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3 most common fracture site of the forelimb
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distal radius/
midcannon/ P1&P2 |
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arthritis of the hock
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bone spavin
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cs- gets better as the horse works
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bone spavin
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cs- feels rough when ridden/sore back/bony changes on rads
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bone spavin
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accumulation of fluid in the tibiotarsal joint pouches
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bog spavin
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disstention of proximomedial/plantarolateral side of the hock
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bog spavin
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desmitis of the plantar ligament
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curb
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almost exclusively in stardardbred racehorses
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curb
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cs- swelling 4-6" below hock on the plantar surface
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curb
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pin firing for chronic cases of
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curb
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cs- pain at trochanter area/ gluteal atropy
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whorlbone
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inflammation of the stifle
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gonitis
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neurologic problem/horse snaps leg up abnormally
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stringhalt
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severe cramping of all skeletal muscles
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Extertional Rhabdomyolsis
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AKA tying up/azoturia
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E.R.
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causes are lactic acidosis, overexertion,exercise after no reduction of grain fed
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ER
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type of ER due to extrinsic factors
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sporadic ER
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type of ER due to intrinsic muscle defect
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recurrent ER
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cs- often mistaken for colic/rock hard muscle groups
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ER
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Tx for ER
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DO NOT MOVE HORSE
Sedate/nsaids/fluids/muscle relaxants |
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AKA HYPP
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Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis
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genetic defect of horses from the "impressive" line
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HYPP
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cs include sweating/prolapsed 3rd eyelid/muscle tremors/anxiety
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HYPP
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HYPP brought on by which anesthetic
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halothane
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Tx includes IV calcium/low potassium diets
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HYPP
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inflammation of the growth plates
improper ca/p ratio |
epiphysitis
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hourglass legs
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epiphysitis
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tx for epiphysitis
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no grain diet/MILD nsaids/ulcer meds/grass hay only
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bones grow faster than the tendons/limb cannot fully extend
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Contracted tendons
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tx for congenital Contracted tendons
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IV oxytetracyclline
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worst case scenario tx for acquired Contracted tendons
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superior ligament desmotomy
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tx for club foot
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inferior check ligament desmotomy/corrective trimming/
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developemental defect of subchondral bone
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OCD
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tx includes removal of joint mice
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OCD
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pieces of cartilage floating around in the joint
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true OCD
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cyst in subchondral bone
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SBC
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failure of bones to calcify/soft spots in joint surface
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OCD
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neurologic disorder pinched spinal cord in the neck
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Wobblers Syndrome
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cs- sudden onset or slow progressive hind limb ataxia
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Wobblers Syndrome
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