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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Council of Chalcedon
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"451; against Monophytism, which holds that Jesus has only one nature; Although persecuted, Monophysitism persisted in Egypt and Syria "
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Council of Nicaea
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"325: against Arianism, condemned Arianism, the teaching of the theologian Arius that the Son is subordinat"
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Councile of Constantinople
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381; reaffirmed the Council of Nicaea and added that the Holy Spirit is also equal to the Father and The Son
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Councile of Ephesus
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"431; condemned the teachings of the theologian Nestorius, who taught that the two natures of Jesus (human and divine) require that he should be regarded as two persons"
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Council of Clermont
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"1095; Urban II urged Christian warriors to stop fighting one another and devote their energy to a worthier task, namely recapturing Jerusalem from the Seljuk Turks, a group of Muslims who hindered Christian pilgrims from visiting the Holy Land"
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Council of Constance
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"1414-1418; resolved the Western Schism, in which three men simultaneously claimed to be pope."
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Fourth Lateran Council
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1215; required that all adult Catholics receive the sacraments of confession and communion (the Eucharist) at least once a year and accept the doctrine of transubstantiation (that the bread and water used in the Mass actually become the body and blood of Jesus Christ); formally condemned the Cathars and Waldensians as heretics and forbade the foundation of new monastic orders in an effort to regulate religious fervor; attended by the Latin patriarchs of Constantinople and Jerusalem
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Council of Trent
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"1534-1549; The council issued condemnations on what it defined as Protestant heresies and defined Church teachings in the areas of Scripture and Tradition, Original Sin, Justification, Sacraments, the Eucharist in Holy Mass and the veneration of saints. It issued numerous reform decrees. By specifying Catholic doctrine on salvation, the sacraments, and the Biblical canon, the Council was answering Protestant dispute"
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Treaty of Lodi
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"1454; Peace agreement between Milan and Venice signed on April 9, 1454 at Lodi in Lombardy, on the banks of the Adda. It put an end to the long struggles between expansive Milan, under Filippo Maria Visconti, and Venice in the terraferma, which had produced a single decisive Venetian victory, at the battle of Maclodio in 1427, in which the Venetian ally was Florence, but had resulted in no lasting peace"
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Peace treaty between Hittite Nation and the Egyptians
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~ 1274 bc
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Treaty of Meersen
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"870; agreement of the division of the Carolingian Empire by the surviving sons of Louis I, Charles II of the West Franks and Louis the German of East Franks, signed at the town of Meerssen, north of Maastricht, which is now in the Netherlands."
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Treaty of Verdun
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"843; the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, Charlemagne's grandsons, divided his territories, the Frankish Empire, into three kingdoms."
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Peace of Augsburg
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"1555; treaty between Charles V and the forces of the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Lutheran princes, on September 25, 1555, at the city of Augsburg in Bavaria, Germany"
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Treaty (Peace) of Westphalia
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1648; ended both the Thirty Years' War in Holy Roman Empire (today mostly Germany) and the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
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Treaty of Munster
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1648; treaty between the United Netherlands and Spain signed in 1648; The treaty was a part of the Peace of Westphalia which ended both the Thirty Years' War and the Eighty Years' War.
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Schmalkaldic League
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"1531; Defensive alliance of Lutheran princes within the Holy Roman Empire during the mid-16th century; formed by newly protestant princes to defend themselves against the emperor, charles V"
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Diet of Speyer
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"1526; princes of the Empire met at the Diet of Speyer (, Germany) and established a compromise which allowed Lutheran princes freedom to worship as they chose; When a second Diet of Speyer repealed this agreement, the Lutheran princes rose in protest and thus became known as “Protestants”"
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Augsburg Confession
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1530; primary confession of faith of the Lutheran Church
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Diet of Worms
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1521; Luther; “Here I stand. I cannot do otherwise.”
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War of the Roses
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"1455-1485; Lancaster and York fight, Tudor wins"
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Edict of Restitution
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"1629; passed eleven years into the Thirty Years' Wars on March 6, 1629 following Catholic successes at arms, was a belated attempt by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor to impose and restore the religious and territorial situations reached in the Peace of Augsburg (1555)"
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Concordat of Worms
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1122; Settles Investiture Controversy
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