Water Unit Test

Front 1

what does pH stand for?

Back 1

p=potential h=hydrogen

Front 2

what is pH value?

Back 2

pH value is the measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

Front 3

what does pH 7 mean?

Back 3

levels of alkaline and acid are equal; ex. pure water

Front 4

what are solutions with pH higher than 7?

Back 4

alkaline/basic

Front 5

what are solutions with pH lower than 7?

Back 5

acidic

Front 6

what is the pH neutral?

Back 6

7

Front 7

how many levels are in pH?

Back 7

14

Front 8

what does pH below 6.5 do?

Back 8

causes corrosion and softness to drinking water

Front 9

what does pH above 7.5 do?

Back 9

causes bad tasting water and hardness to the water

Front 10

where does alkaline come from?

Back 10

alkaline comes from rocks with minerals

Front 11

where does acid come from?

Back 11

pollution (factories)

Front 12

what is ppm?

Back 12

parts per million

Front 13

what does alkaline do?

Back 13

increases pH

Front 14

what is the alkalinity range?

Back 14

0-240ppm

Front 15

what is the alkalinity range in canada?

Back 15

80-120

Front 16

what are the stages of the water cycle?

Back 16

evaporation, condensation, collection, transportation, percolation, runoff, precipitation, transpiration, infiltration

Front 17

why is tap water better than bottle water?

Back 17

tap water is healthier, plastic is bad, chemicals can leak into water, plastic containers are bad for you, people litter the bottles, some plastics have BPA, bottled water is more expensive than the tap water at home, reusing the bottles can release chemicals,

Front 18

what is evaporation?

Back 18

evaporation is when the heat from the sun warms up the water and it turns into water vapor and goes into the sky.

Front 19

what is condensation?

Back 19

when the water vapor changes to a liquid or solid state, it becomes more dense, becomes a cloud

Front 20

what is collection?

Back 20

when water falls back to earth and collects; can be moving or still

Front 21

what is transportation?

Back 21

its the movement of water over large distances

Front 22

what is percolation?

Back 22

when a liquid passes through a porous body like dirt, sand etc

Front 23

what is runoff?

Back 23

movement of landwater to the oceans

Front 24

what is precipitation?

Back 24

when any form of water falls from the sky

Front 25

what is transpiration?

Back 25

release of water vapor from plants to the atmosphere, evaporation from a plant

Front 26

what is infiltration?

Back 26

the percolation of water into the ground

Front 27

what level of alkalinity makes water taste bad?

Back 27

over 120

Front 28

how did alkaline get into our water

Back 28

alkaline water can be found naturally or can have chemicals added into it by humans. alkaline comes from rocks so when water grinds on these rocks they end up releasing some alkaline in the water

Front 29

what are nitrates?

Back 29

nitrates are natural chemicals found in oxygen, soil, water and salt. its an organic compound that can be natural or man made. nitrate can get into the body when they are injested (food or water) NO3

Front 30

what are nitrites?

Back 30

nitrates and nitrites are a salt or ester of nitric acid. nitric acid is a colourless, and poisonous liquid with oxidizing properties. NO2

Front 31

what happens when you have nitrates and nitrites in large amounts?

Back 31

nitrates: you can get blue baby syndrome and shortness of breath. adults can get cancer, digestive and respiratory problems, anxoia or even death. nitrites: inefficient carrying of oxygen to tissues on your body which can lead to brain damage or death.

Front 32

what is the level of nitrates that's safe to drink?

Back 32

10ppm or 10mg/L. you can have 3.7mg nitrate oer kg of body weight daily. 1ppm or 1mg/L

Front 33

what are common sources of nitrate contamination?

Back 33

sewage systems, fertilizers, manure, and decaying plant matter. when it rains the water absorbs the nitrates with it. percolation makes nitrates enter ground water and surface water

Front 34

what is chlorine?

Back 34

chemical element that can be found in liquid gas or solid state.

Front 35

what is the purpose of chlorine?

Back 35

to kill bacteria. only kills organisms that come in contact with it

Front 36

what does high levels of chlorine do?

Back 36

cause water to smell and give it a bad taste. can also cause cancer

Front 37

what does low levels of chlorine do?

Back 37

will not disinfect water

Front 38

what is hard water?

Back 38

when water has high amounts of minerals in it like limestone, chalk, calcium, and magnesium.

Front 39

what is soft water?

Back 39

opposite of hard water. doesn't have many minerals. soft water has more magnesium than hard water

Front 40

what is the level of hardness that is safe to drink

Back 40

100-140 mg/L

Front 41

what happens with too much hardness

Back 41

kidney stones

Front 42

what happens with too much softness

Back 42

lots of salt so high blood pressure

Front 43

are soft/hard water natural

Back 43

yeah