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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biotin:
Co-Enzyme for what enzymes? |
carboxylase enzymes:
Pyruvate Carboxylase==>gluconeogenesis AcetylCoA Carboxylase==>FA synthesis PropionylCoA Carboxylase==>odd carbod FA's, Val, Met, Ile, Thr |
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Biotin:
Deficiency (cause and symptoms) |
Cause:
raw egg consumption (avidid binds biotin) Symptoms: Alopecia (hair loss), bowel inflammation, muscle pain |
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Thiamine:
Co-enzyme for what enzymes? |
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
a-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase (TCA) Transketolase (HMP Shunt) ==> Wernicke Korsekoff syndrome |
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Thiamine:
Deficiency (cause and symptoms) |
common cause: alcoholism (inteferes with absorption)
symptoms: wernicke (ataxia, nystagmus), korsikoff (psychosis), dry beri beri, wet beri beri |
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Niacin:
Co-enzyme for what Enzymes? |
(NADH, NADPH) Dehydrogenases
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Niacin:
Deficiency (cause, symptoms)? |
cause: lack of tryptophan (60mgTrp-->1mgNiacin) e.g. corn based diet
symptoms: Pellagra (diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis, death) Hartnup disease |
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Folic Acid:
coenzyme for what enzyme? |
(tetrahydrofolate; THF)
1-carbon transfer in: Thymidylate Synthase (Thymidine synthesis)<--pyrmidine Purine synthesis enzymes |
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Folic Acid:
Deficiency (causes, symptoms)? |
cause: alcoholics and pregnancy
symptoms: homocystinemia (risk of DVT) megaloblastic anemia neural tube defects in early preg |
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Cyanocobalamin (B12)
Co-enzyme of what enzyme? |
Homocysteine methyltransferase
Methylmalonyl CoA mutase |
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Cyanocobalamin (B12)
Deficiency (cause, symptoms)? |
cause: pernicious anemia, also old age, messing w/ the ileum (resection, Crohns, etc), chronic pancreatitis, D. latum infxn
symptoms: megaloblastic anemia peripheral neuropathy |
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Pyridoxine (B6) [Pyridoxal-P (PLP)]
coenzyme for what enzymes? |
Aminotransferases (transaminase) like ALT, AST
d-Aminolevulineic acid synthase (Heme synthesis) |
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Pyridoxine (B6) {PLP}
Deficiency (cause, symptoms)? |
cause: isoniazid therapy
symptoms: sideroblastic anemia (Fe into mitochondria)-->similar to IDA, cheilosis/stomatitis, convulsions |
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Riboflavin (B2)
coenzyme of what enzyme? |
(FADH2)
dehydrogenases (red/ox) |
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Riboflavin (B2)
deficiency (cause, symptoms)? |
cause: dietary
symptoms: corneal neovascularization (wtf?) cheilosis or stomatitis magenta colored tongue riboflavin is degraded during neonatal light therapy |
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Ascorbate (vit C)
coenzyme (used as is..no coenzyme form) for what enzyme? |
prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase==>collagen synthesis
dopamine hydroxylase==>catecholamine synthesis, absorption of iron in GIT anti-oxidant |
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Ascorbate (vit C)
deficiency (cause, symptoms)? |
cause: deitary (citrus and green veg)
symptoms: scurvy--> poor wound healing, easy bruising, INCREASED BLEEDING TIME (bc no collagen = no platelet activation) |
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Pantothenic acid
conenzyme for what enzyme? |
pantothenic acid = CoA!
Fatty acid synthase fatty acyl CoA synthetase PDH a-KG DH deficiency is rare. |
