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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The main way nutrients, pesticides, and sediments move off site |
Runoff |
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Runoff |
When the infiltration rate of a soil is reached, so water has to leave the area |
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What materials will move off with runoff? |
Water soluble materials move off with water, while soil bound materials move off with eroded soil particles |
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Where water quality standards can be found? |
1. US Environmental Protection Agency 2. State public health and environment agencies |
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Measuring water solutes (3) |
1. Parts per million (ppm) 2. Milligrams per litre (mg/L) 3. Millequivalents per litre (meq/L) - ppm is equal to mg/L |
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Milliequivalent weight (meq) |
Atomic or molecular weight divided by the valence of the ion/molecule |
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How do get milliequivalents/litre (meq/L) |
= (ppm OR mg/L) / meq |
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Nitrate analysis: nitrate |
the milligrams of nitrate in a litre of water |
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Nitrate analysis: nitrate-nitrogen |
the milligrams of nitrogen in the nitrate form in a litre of water |
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Health risks to humans drinking high nitrate-nitrogen water (2) |
1. Methemoglobinemia 2. Nitrosamines |
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Methemoglobinemia |
Methomoglobin forms instead of hemoglobin; oxygen permanently binds and will not be distributed to the rest of the body. AKA blue baby syndrome |
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Nitrosamines |
Nitrates react with organic compounds in water (rarely happens but are carcenogenic) |
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Coliforms |
Microorganisms found in the intestines of mammals (ex. e coli) |
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Why is high-in-coliform water bad for humans? |
1. The coliforms can sometimes cause disease 2. More often, are signs that other fecal-origin pathogens are present, causing many health problems |
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Health risks to livestock drinking high nitrate-nitrogen water |
1. Acute; problems associated with lack of oxygen 2. Chronic; reproductive issues |
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Concentrations in excess of _____ ppm of nitrate-nitrogen can cause the adverse affects. |
100 |
