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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the five types of water quality parameter? |
- Physical - Chemical - Biological - Radiological - Aesthetic |
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Physical Parameters |
- Temperature - Turbidity and Clarity - colour - suspended solids - dissolved solids |
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Chemical Parameters |
-pH - dissolved oxygen - BOD - Nutrients - Organic and inorganic compounds |
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Biological Parameters |
- Bacteria - Algae - Viruses |
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Aesthetic Parameters |
- Odours - Taints - Colour - Floating Objects |
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Influences on water quality |
- Geographical location - time (seasonal, daily) - discharges - surrounding land use - amount of water being abstracted - recycling water - previous uses |
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Water quality parameters can provide information on... |
- Suitability of water for use - Health of aquatic ecosystems - Requirements for treatment - Changes in water quality as any influences change |
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Name two types of sources and describe their characteristics |
point source - wastewater treatement plants - industrial discharge - farm effluent discharge non-point (diffuse) source - stormwater - animal effluent - fertiliser runoff |
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describe, give sources and effects of nutrients |
is: nitrogen/ammonia/ phosphorous sources: sewage, fertiliser, industrial discharge effects: - stimuates plant and algae growth which can smother habitats - excess is toxic to aquatic organisms |
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describe, give sources and effects of metals |
sources: stormwater, industrial discharge, natural sources, contaminated land discharge effects: non-degradable, toxic even at low conc. by disrupting cellular processes, affecting growth and reproduction and causing fatalities. Can accumulate in sediment and aquatic food chains. |
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describe, give sources and effects of pesticides and herbicides. |
sources: agriculture, horticulture, urban runoff from parks and gardens. effects: groundwater contamination, toxic to aquatic organisms crop failure due to contamination of irrigation water. |
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describe, give sources and effects of hydrocarbons |
synthetics, mineral soils, benzene, petrols sources, use disposal or spillage of petrol. stormwater effects: toxic contaminates groundwater |
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Ways of measuring water quality |
Portable meter, Titration Field test kits |
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Effects on organisms, levels of seriousness |
no effect behavioural effect chronic effect (long term fatalities) acute affect (immediate fatalities) |
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Water standards come from... |
trials on animals, to assess cancer risk and threshold effects, designed for long term exposure to water |
