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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
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1. What are five ways we measure water quality? |
1. Bacterial Counts: Fecal coliform counts from intestines of animals 2. Chemical Analysis: looking for presence of inorganic or organic chemicals 3. Suspended Sediment: water clarity 4. Dissolved Oxygen: BOD Biological Oxygen Demand…the amount of oxygen consumed by aquatic decomposers 5. Indicator Species: organisms that give an idea of the health of the water body a. Mussels, oysters and clams filter water |
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1. What is the difference between point and nonpoint water pollution? Be able to give an example of each. |
· Point source water pollution refers to contaminants that enter a waterway from a single, identifiable source, such as a pipe or ditch a. Discharges from a sewage treatment plant, a factory, or a city storm drain · Nonpoint source pollution refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source a. The cumulative effect of small amounts of contaminants gathered from a large area b. Leaching out of nitrogen compounds from fertilized agricultural lands |
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1. Be able to discuss the major sources of water pollution. |
* Agriculture: sediment, fertilizers, bacteria from livestock, food processing, salt from soil irrigation (biggest source)
* Industrial: factories and powerplants * Mining: surface mining toxics, acids, sediment |
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1. What is eutrophication? |
nutrient enrichment of lakes mostly from runoff of plant nutrients (nitrates and phosphates) |
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1. What is biomagnification? |
* AKA bioamplification or biological magnification
* Occurs when the concentration of a substance (i.e., mercury) in an organism exceeds the background concentration of the substance in its diet * Can occur as a result of:1. The substance can't be broken down by environmental processes 2. The substance concentration increases progressively as it moves up a food chain i. The substances become concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain ii. Substances are very slowly metabolized or excreted |
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1. Why is groundwater pollution such a major problem? |
· No way to cleanse itself · Little dilution and dispersion · Out of sight pollution · Prime source for irrigation and drinking · REMOVAL of pollutant difficult · Spreads far (permeable) |
