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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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severe dehydration can cause |
hypotension and tachycardia |
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restriction of fluids occurs in |
acute renal failure |
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fluid between tissues or cells is called |
interstitial |
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fluid (plasma) within blood vessels |
intravascular |
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what does the fluid need in order to sustain life |
serum, protein, and other substances |
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what is the average amount of fluid intake for an adult |
2200-2700ml (*2500 is suggested) |
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oral intake of liquid should be |
1100-1400 |
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how much liquid do we take in from solid foods |
800-100ml |
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cellular metabolism is responsible for how much liquid intake |
300ml/daily |
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measurable I/O |
sensible loss |
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un-measurable I/O |
insensible |
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what does sensible loss consist of |
urine, feces, vomit, wound drainage. |
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what does insensible loss consist of |
sweating and expiration |
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what is the necessary amount of waste product your body has to excrete in an hour |
30ml/hr |
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the best way to measure fluid gain/loss is by |
weighing the pt at the same time everyday before breakfast. |
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particles move from an area of higher concentration to lesser concentration |
diffusion |
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transfer of water and dissolved substances from higher pressure to lower pressure |
filtration |
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most abundant electrolyte in the body |
sodium |
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major extracellular, necessary for acid base balance |
sodium |
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normal blood sodium level |
135-145mEq/L |
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hyponatremia |
sodium in blood is LESS than normal |
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hypernatremia |
sodium in blood in GREATER than normal |
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found in the intracellular compartment and is the major intrcellular ion |
potassium |
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main function of K |
regulates water and electrolyte content within the cell |
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what does too much or too little K affect? |
the heart muscles |
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normal K level |
3.5-5.0 mEq/L |
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hypokalemia |
low K level |
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hyperkalemia |
high level of K |
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usually bound to sodium or K |
chloride |
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normal chloride level |
96-106mEq/L |
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what are some of the best food sources for calcium? |
milk and cheese |
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what is a bicarbonate? |
one of the main ions in extracellular fluid. helps maintain acid base balance |
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homeostasis of hydrogen ions concentration in the body fluids |
acid base balance |
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normal acid base balance |
7.35-7.45 |
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what causes metabolic acidosis or alkalosis |
bicarbonates |
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3 buffers |
first line-blood second line-respiratory/lungs third line-kidneys |
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what could cause metabolic alkalosis |
diarrhea and vomiting |
