Pineville Water Class Level 1 And 2

Front 1

CHLORINE GAS IS LIGHTER OR HEAVIER THAN AIR?

Back 1

2 1/2 times heavier than air

Front 2

What color is chlorine gas?

Back 2

Greenish-yellow

Front 3

A fuse plug melts at?

Back 3

158-165 F.

Front 4

A ONE TON CYLINDER CONTAINS HOW MANY FUSE PLUGS?

Back 4

6 fuse plugs

Front 5

Where should an exhaust vent be located in a chlorinated room?

Back 5

No higher than12" above the floor.

Front 6

What ph does the ph scale start and end?

Back 6

0 - 14ph

Front 7

WHAT PH IS CONSIDERED NEUTRAL ON THE PH SCALE?

Back 7

7ph is considered neutral

Front 8

How does disinfection differ from sterilization?

Back 8

Disinfection in activates material,

Sterilization kills ALL material.

Front 9

Chlorine plus ammonia creates?

Back 9

Chloramine

Front 10

How do you check for chlorine leaks?

Back 10

Ammonia vapors which create a white cloud.

Front 11

The minimum free chlorine residual required in a system is?

Back 11

0.5 ppm *parts per million

Front 12

What is breakpoint chlorination?

Back 12

Where chlorine demand ends and chlorine residual begins

Front 13

Water and sewer mains should be horizontally ___ feet and vertically ____ inches?

Back 13

6 ft

18 inches

Front 14

The BEST way to prevent backflow is?

Back 14

AIR GAP

Front 15

THM stands for?

Back 15

Trihalomethanes

Front 16

Is a ph of 5 considered a base or an acid?

Back 16

Acid

Front 17

A ph of 8 is considered a alkaline(base) or an acid?

Back 17

Alkaline

Front 18

Proper operating leakage for a pump stuffing box is?

Back 18

1 drip a sec/ 60 drips per minute

Front 19

The reagent used to determine pH with a colorimeter is?

Back 19

PHENOL RED

Front 20

The term used when a tree returns water to the atmosphere is?

Back 20

Transpiration

Front 21

Does (surface) or (ground) water usually have a higher concentration of dissolved solids?

Back 21

Ground

Front 22

A rotten egg odor in water indicates?

Back 22

Hydrogen sulfide

Front 23

The zeolite softening process is regenerated using?

Back 23

Brine (wich is salt water)

Front 24

Lime is used to (raise) or (lower) the pH of water?

Back 24

Raise

Front 25

Manganese greensand filters are used to remove?

Back 25

Iron, manganese

Front 26

What is aeration used for?

Back 26

Tast and odor control

Front 27

What is aeration?

Back 27

The mechanical process of mixing air and water

Front 28

What is anthracite used for?

Back 28

Filter media

Front 29

How often shall valves be operated?

Back 29

Once a year (annually)

Front 30

Why is fluoride added to water?

Back 30

To reduce dental cavities in young children

Front 31

What is the desired amount of fluoride in water?

Back 31

1.0 ppm (parts per million)

Front 32

Name two common Chemicals used to fluoride water?

Back 32

Sodium fluoride,

Hydrofluosilic Acid

Front 33

New lines must be sanitized using a least ___ ppm chlorine for at least ____ hours?

Back 33

50ppm

3hours

Front 34

A submersible pump is usually a ___ stage type of pump

Back 34

Multi-stage

Front 35

Which comes first, flocculation or coagulation?

Back 35

Coagulation

Front 36

What is alum and ferric chloride used for?

Back 36

Coagulation chemicals

Front 37

What is the cone of depression?

Back 37

The conical shaped curve of the dewatered area from The static level to the pumping level also known as draw down area

Front 38

What does Osha stand for?

Back 38

Occupational safety and health administration of 1970

Front 39

What is LEL and UEL?

Back 39

Lower explosive limit

Upper explosive limit

Front 40

Protective shoring is required in excavations?

Back 40

5ft deep or more

Front 41

Cavitation in a pump is caused by?

Back 41

Water vaps boiling in a pump due to low vapor pressure inside pump

Front 42

What is a lantern ring?

Back 42

Provides lube for packing

Front 43

The most common maintenance required by a gate valve is?

Back 43

Packing

Front 44

What is a multimeter used for?

Back 44

Measuring multiple electrical units voltage,amperage, resistance

Front 45

What is the advantage of three-phase motors?

Back 45

Efficiency is usually higher and motors require less maintenance

Front 46

What is GFI?

Back 46

Ground fault circuit interuptor

Front 47

What is megohmmeter used for?

Back 47

Used to test motor windings for shorts

Front 48

What is a decibel?

Back 48

Measure of sound

Front 49

What is DPD (n,n-diethyl-p-phenylene-diamine) used for?

Back 49

For measuring free or combined chlorine residual in the field

Front 50

Three packing rings should be staggered how far part?

Back 50

120 degrees

Front 51

What is rotameter?

Back 51

Measures flow rate ,gas or fluid

Front 52

What is a tube settler?

Back 52

Aids in sedimentation

Front 53

What is grab sample?

Back 53

Single source sample

Front 54

No more than ___lbs of chlorine per day should be pulled from a 150lb bottle.

Back 54

40lbs

Front 55

A jar test is used to determine?

Back 55

Detention time mixing conditions and settling conditions

Used as an indicator to determine dosages for coagulation/flocculation process

Front 56

What is a hypochlorinator?

Back 56

Feeds liquid chlorine bleach

Front 57

The operator certification act is act ____ of the year 19___ title ___ section____?

Back 57

Act 538 year 1972 title 48 section 40

Front 58

How is a public community water supply defined?

Back 58

15 service connections or 25 or more people per year

Front 59

What is the minimum pressure allowed in water lines?

Back 59

20psi

Front 60

What is the minimum chlorine contact time?

Back 60

30minutes

Front 61

How high should these extend above ground level? Well casing___ well vent _____

Back 61

Well casing 12" well vent 24"

Front 62

The casing grouting for a community supply well should extend?

Back 62

Ground surface to the top of aquifer

Front 63

___________ is considered to be an indicator bacteria.

Back 63

Coliform

Front 64

Wells must be located at least ___ft for a sanitary sewer.

Back 64

50ft

Front 65

How often must a pH meter be calibrated?

Back 65

Daily (and if online weekly)

Front 66

What is one advantage of ductile-iron pipe?

Back 66

Will bend a little before breaking

Front 67

What is one advantage of pvc pipe?

Back 67

Resists corrosion, smooth bore

Front 68

How often should routine coliform samples be taken from a non-transient non-community system serving 75 people?_____ how many samples must be taken each monitoring period?_____

Back 68

Monthly

1sample

Front 69

List three types of water storage facilities.

Back 69

Clear well

Standpipe

Elevated tank

Front 70

Cloudy water is said to be _______ water?

Back 70

Turbid

Front 71

Small water meter have an accuracy of?

Back 71

98.5%

Front 72

Large meters have an accuracy of?

Back 72

97%

Front 73

What is a dead end?

Back 73

No through flow

Front 74

Potable means?

Back 74

Safe to drink, drinkable

Front 75

The disadvantage of chloramine is?

Back 75

Not as effective as chlorine

Front 76

What type of sample is used for coliform sampling.. Grab or composite?

Back 76

Grab

Front 77

What is a coupon used for?

Back 77

To determine corrosivity of water

Front 78

A fully opened chlorine bottle is ____ turn(s)

Back 78

1 turn

Front 79

Chlorine repair kit "A" is used for?

Back 79

150lb cylinders

Front 80

Back siphonage can be prevented by using a?

Back 80

Back flow prevention- vacuum breaker

Front 81

"C.T." Valve means

Back 81

Chlorine residual x

Contact time

Front 82

Chlorine dioxide is made by mixing __________ and __________?

Back 82

Sodium chlorite and chlorine

Front 83

Why is ozone made on site?

Back 83

Unstability

Front 84

Chlorine is very corrosive when mixed with?

Back 84

Water

Front 85

A multistage pump can create a large amount of?

Back 85

(head) pressure

Front 86

Pump curves include horsepower, efficiency, and?

Back 86

Flow data

Front 87

A piston pump is a?

Back 87

Positive displacement pump

Front 88

Over lubrication can cause bearings in a centrifugal pump to_______?

Back 88

Fail-overheat

Front 89

An aquifer is?

Back 89

A natural underground layer of porous water bearing materials usually capable of yielding large quantities of water via wells and springs

Front 90

Percolation is?

Back 90

The process by which water moves downward through the soil

Front 91

Ladders must be no more than ____ ft from a worker in an excavation.

Back 91

25ft

Front 92

Sampling points must be made in coordination with?

Back 92

LDH regional office

Front 93

Water must stay in the line_____ hr before sampling for lead?

Back 93

6hrs

Front 94

What can cause water to be corrosive?

Back 94

pH

Oo (oxygen)

Co2 (chlorine)

Front 95

Three nuisance organism are?

Back 95

Crenothrix, nematodes, and Blood worms

Front 96

What type of storage is used for filter plant?

Back 96

Clear well

Front 97

Two reasons for water meters?

Back 97

Generate revenue ,

determine water loss

Front 98

Fire hydrants In main lines should be located ______ ft apart?

Back 98

500ft

Front 99

The most commonly used pipe joint is?

Back 99

Push on joint

Front 100

What can cause water hammer?

Back 100

(Momentum change) The surge or wave resulting when water in motion is forced to suddenly stop or change direction

Front 101

"CFR" stands for?

Back 101

Code of federal regulations

Front 102

EPA stands for

Back 102

Environmental protection agency

Front 103

Thrust blocks are?

Back 103

Concrete block used to keep lines from moving

Front 104

The type of fire hydrant most often used is the ______ barrell?

Back 104

Dry barrell

Front 105

Road signs in work zones should be _______ ft apart?

Back 105

200 feet apart

Front 106

Minimum size main line for a fire hydrant is _____ inches

Back 106

6inches

Front 107

Minimum size main line for areas not requiring fire protection?

Back 107

3 in

Front 108

Use only (treated) or (raw water) when backwashing a filter?

Back 108

Treated water

Front 109

List the 5 steps of water treatment

Back 109

Coagulation

Flocculation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Disinfection

Front 110

Valves should be located ______ sides of a underwater crossing, how deep should the line be buried under the crossing _____ ft?

Back 110

Both

5ft

Front 111

A ladder must be used in excavations deeper than ____ft and should extend above how many _____ ft?

Back 111

4ft

3ft above

Front 112

Shut off valves on main lines shall be every _____ft

Back 112

1000ft

Front 113

__________ collects as a direct runoff from precipitation.

Back 113

Surface water

Front 114

_________________ requires land use planning and control of development activities on private and public land to enable control of contaminate sources such as fuel and auto repair stations industrial sites, dry cleaners, etc.

Back 114

EPA wellhead protection

Front 115

The well owner must submit the required forms and drawings all approved by an engineer to the ________ to obtain the required permit prior to beginning drilling.

Back 115

LDH (louisiana department of health local regional office)

Front 116

How far must a water well at least be from an oxidation pond or a land fill?

Back 116

100ft

Front 117

How far must a water well be from another well?

Back 117

25ft

Front 118

A groundwater community system or non community system serving a hospital shall have at least ___ active operating wells or an approved connection to another supply to assure continuity of service.

Back 118

2 operating wells

Front 119

_____________ valve allows well to be effectively rinsed out and ensures that the gravel pack is effectively placed.

Back 119

Wash down valve

Front 120

To avoid contamination gravel for gavel pack must be disinfected with a chlorine solution of ____mg/l before installation to the well.

Back 120

50mg/l

Front 121

The level of water in a well that is not being pumped?

Back 121

(SWL) static water level

Front 122

The level of the water in a well being pumped?

Back 122

(PWL) pumping water level

Front 123

The difference between the static water level and the pumping water level?

Back 123

(DD) DRAW DOWN

Front 124

Wells must have smooth bib _________________ facing down located between the discharge head and the check valve.

Back 124

Sample taps

Front 125

Casing depth in a well must extend _____ft below ground

Back 125

50ft

Front 126

Well vent casing must be vented with a vent with a diameter of ____inch. Minimum must be at least ____inch above ground.

Back 126

1/2inch and 24in above ground

Front 127

New and renovated wells must be disinfected with a chlorine solution of ______ mg/l and checked for _________ before returning to use

Back 127

50mg/L , coliform

Front 128

What is dnr?

Back 128

(department of natural resources)

Front 129

__________ pump has an impeller rotating in a casing spinning water at high speed. The shaft is mounted on sleeve, ball or roller bearings.

Back 129

Centrifugal

Front 130

_______________ pump, using a venturi to create suction and "pump water with water".

Back 130

Jet pump

Front 131

__________ pump is used to feed liquid chemicals. A tube is squeeze by a rotor.

Back 131

Peristaltic pump

Front 132

___________ pump used to feed chemicals. Stroke and frequency can be adjusted.

Back 132

Metering pump

Front 133

__________ pumps are used as booster pumps.

Back 133

Rotary pump

Front 134

At least 75% of centrifugal pump troubles trace to the _______ side.

Back 134

Suction side

Front 135

The maximum vertical "suction lift" that a pump is capable of is ______ ft

Back 135

34feet

Front 136

Having multiple stages in a pump increases ________ pressure.

Back 136

Head pressure

Front 137

What is SCADA

Back 137

Supervisory control and data acquisition

Front 138

The portion of a machine, which contains the stationary (non moving) parts and the windings that surround the moving parts.

Back 138

Stator

Front 139

The rotating part of a machine that is surrounded by the stationary parts of the machine.

Back 139

Rotor

Front 140

Devices used to hold the rotor and stator of a motor in position.

Back 140

End bells

Front 141

Frequent starts and stops on a motor that is running hot is known as?

Back 141

Jogging

Front 142

LDH requires all community water systems and any non community water system serving a hospital to have some form of standby emergency power to assure uninterrupted water production for a minimum of __________ hrs during any loss of utility power.

Back 142

72hrs or 3days

Front 143

Storage tanks should be operated according to the design engineer's and manufacturers specifications and should be inspected ________.

Back 143

Annually

Front 144

Discharge screen shall be of _________ mesh on ground level storage.

Back 144

24mesh

Front 145

Elevated tank and standpipe discharge screen shall be ___mesh or finer.

Back 145

4mesh

Front 146

Provide properly functioning overflow piping with downward dishcharge ____________inches above ground to prevent structural damage from overfilling or ice buildup.

Back 146

12-24inches

Front 147

_____________ storage facility used to store filtered water from a treatment plant prior to it being pumped to the system. located above or below ground level and may be concrete, steel and may be circular or rectangular.

Back 147

CLEAR WELL

Front 148

__________________ storage facility located above or below ground level. Their diameter is greater than their height.

Back 148

Ground level reservoirs

Front 149

Elevated tanks with riser pipes over ___in diameter shall have protective bars over the riser opening inside the tank.

Back 149

8"inch

Front 150

______________ under the US DOTD requires and regulates obstruction marking and lighting on elevated water towers and other structures that create a hazard in navigable airspace.

Back 150

FEDERAL AVAITION ADMINISTRATION (FAA)

Front 151

Structures extending _____ft above ground level are considered obstructions and require navigation lighting.

Back 151

200ft

Front 152

_________ tanks are used for control of water hammer.

Back 152

Surge tanks

Front 153

Louisiana State Sanitary Code, Part 12 states that the minimum system pressure allowed is ____ psi.

Back 153

20psi

Front 154

_______ approval is required for interconnections with neighboring potable water systems.

Back 154

LDH (LOUISIANA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH)

Front 155

_______________ refers to pipe thickness

Back 155

Schedule xx

Front 156

State sanitary code part 12 requires hydrostatic testing of new water lines to a pressure of ______ times system pressure or _____ psi whichever is greater and holding for _______ hours.

Back 156

2times

150psi

4hours

Front 157

__________ valves that open to release trapped air in high spots of mains to reduce restrictions.

Back 157

Air Relief valve

Front 158

Air relief valve discharge shall be screened and pointed downward at least _____ft above the ground.

Back 158

1ft

Front 159

__________ handheld meter used to measure hydrant flow.

Back 159

Pilot tube

Front 160

LA State Sanitary Code Part XII states that back flow preventers and vacuum breakers must be tested _______.

Back 160

Yearly

Front 161

Minimum flushing velocity on mains ______ft/sec but ________ft/sec is ideal and prefered.

Back 161

2.5ft/sec

5.0ft/sec

Front 162

A 150lb cylinder contains how many fuse plugs?

Back 162

1fuse plug

Front 163

_________ Is the gathering together process where large paddles, turbines, or propellers slowly and gently mix water. Usually occurs in a compartmentalizd basin separated by baffles to prevent short circuiting.

Back 163

Flocculation

Front 164

For proper coagulation, pH of the water must be maintained within a range of ___ to ____.

Back 164

5-7pH

Front 165

________ is a physical and chemical reaction that occurs between waters alkalinity and the coagulant.

Back 165

Coagulation

Front 166

If raw water alkalinity is too low to produce complete precipitation of aluminum, a coagulation aid like ________________ or __________ may be added to increase the alkalinity.

Back 166

Calcium carbonate (lime)

Or soda ash

Front 167

What is the most common coagulation aid?

Back 167

Lime

Front 168

The detention time of water in the flocculation process is usually __________min for water that flows to conventional filtration.

Back 168

30minutes

Front 169

The total transit time through a treatment plant can vary from ____ to over _____ hours depending on the amount of water being treated.

Back 169

2hrs to over 6hrs

Front 170

Chemical feed systems should be calibrated at least _______ per shift to assure proper feed rate.

Back 170

Once

Front 171

________ is the process where the water being treated flows very slowly and evenly through a large tank or basin. The heavy floc which is made up of clumps of particles formed by coagulation gradually settle out of the water being treated by gravity.

Back 171

Sedimentation

Front 172

The ___________ can be discharged to a sanitary sewer if approved.

Back 172

Alum sludge

Front 173

Four zones of a sedimentation basin?

Back 173

Inlet zone

Settling zone

Outlet zone

Sludge zone

Front 174

A water-bearing geographic zone composed of material deposited by losing rivers is a/an?

Back 174

Alluvial aquifer

Front 175

The amount of water in a water-bearing formation depends on the?

Back 175

Porosity of the formation

Front 176

A well screen must be installed for what type of materials?

Back 176

Unconsolidated materials

Front 177

Which of the following is colorless, odorless, found mainly in groundwater and can cause cancer?

Back 177

Radon

Front 178

How can an operator determine if a well has been properly disinfected?

Back 178

Well sample passes bacteriological test

Front 179

How can an operator determine that there is power coming to a switch box?

Back 179

Checking for incoming power source with a voltmeter

Front 180

What could be the cause of high pressure in a pump discharge line?

Back 180

Valve failure

Front 181

What is the purpose of priming?

Back 181

Replacing air with water inside the pump

Front 182

What is the greatest problem for most distribution system shutoff valves?

Back 182

Lack of operation

Front 183

What is the maximum theoretical suction lift of a centrifugal pump at sea level?

Back 183

34ft

Front 184

What condition could cause backflow in a distribution system?

Back 184

Negative pressure

Front 185

Why are properly functioning vents essential in storage facilities?

Back 185

To prevent pressure developing in the Reservoir when it fills or vacuum when it empties or is drained

Front 186

What does the "C" factor of a pipe refer to?

Back 186

Smoothness

Front 187

What is the name of the pipe that serves as the inlet/outlet to an elevated tank?

Back 187

Riser

Front 188

For best results the minimum flushing velocity when unidirectional flushing is?

Back 188

5ft/sec

Front 189

Hydropneumatic pressure tanks should have roughly.....

Back 189

66% water and 33% air

Front 190

What is cross connection?

Back 190

Connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved supply

Front 191

Which backflow prevention device has a center relief valve?

Back 191

Reduced-pressure assembly

Front 192

A type of large flow meter is a?

Back 192

Velocity meter

Front 193

State Sanitary Code title 51; part 12 requires at least ____ units for systems using solid contact units, each designed to handle the plants capacity alone.

Back 193

2 units

Front 194

_________ The process of reversing the flow through the filter media causing it to expand or "fluidize" roughly 50% of its normal volume which removes entrapped solids.

Back 194

Backwash

Front 195

An option to conventional filtration where the water under pressure is pushed through hollow filter membranes incased in chambers.

Back 195

Microfiltration

Front 196

The _________ or ___________ index help determine corrosistity.

Back 196

Ryznar

Langelier

Front 197

__________ and _______ are considered the most corrosive components of a water.

Back 197

Dissolved oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Front 198

_________, __________ added to water with low hardness and alkalinity.

Back 198

Quiklime

Hydrated lime

Front 199

____________, _____________ added to water with high hardness and alkalinity.

Back 199

Caustic soda

Soda ash

Front 200

A chemical process of breaking down the cause of taste and odor.

Back 200

Oxidation

Front 201

Most common complaint of red water and bitter taste.

Back 201

Iron

Front 202

What causes brown or black particles in water.

Back 202

Manganese

Front 203

Water Treatment chemicals must be approved for use by ________ or ___________.

Back 203

AWWA

EPA

Front 204

What is awwa?

Back 204

American water works association

Front 205

What type of meter determines the total flow by multiplying the flow through the meter by a factor?

Back 205

Proportional meter

Front 206

Which Meter is based on the doppler effect?

Back 206

Ultrasonic meter

Front 207

A fire hydrant must have an ___________ installed between it and the main?

Back 207

Auxiliary valve

Front 208

When using a power valve operator to open or close a distribution valve, it's best to?

Back 208

Do the last few turns manually

Front 209

True or false push joints should not be used if the pipe must be pushed on at an angle?

Back 209

True

Front 210

What is the purpose of a booster pump?

Back 210

To supply water to an elevated storage tank

Front 211

What is the main function of a regulator station?

Back 211

To reduce pressure and maintain an even pressure downstream from a high pressure system

Front 212

How can sudden pollutants be discovered in a raw water supply?

Back 212

Constant monitoring of raw water

Front 213

What measure of materials opposition to the flow of electric current?

Back 213

Ohms

Front 214

Copper sulfate is used in surface water reservoirs to control?

Back 214

Algae

Front 215

Higher dissolved oxygen is generally found in colder or hotter water?

Back 215

Colder water

Front 216

What is the main characteristic of raw water that enables blue-green algae to grow?

Back 216

Presence of nutrients

Front 217

The most common complaints are taste, odor, and?

Back 217

Color

Front 218

What is the most important test to indicate proper sedimentation?

Back 218

Turbidity

Front 219

Which effect will caustic soda have on water?

Back 219

Increase the pH

Front 220

What is the purpose of coagulation facilities?

Back 220

Promote growth of particles

Front 221

In conventional flocculation, the average time to develop easy floc particles is?

Back 221

30minutes

Front 222

What is the most important function of a filter underdrain system?

Back 222

Uniformly distribute backwash water

Front 223

If a filter is operated with the pressure in the bed less than atmospheric, short filter runs can occur because of a condition known as?

Back 223

Air binding

Front 224

How should a slow sand filter be filled with water after cleaning?

Back 224

Fill the tank from the bottom through the underdrain system with filtered water

Front 225

Which membrane type has the smallest pore spaces?

Back 225

Reverse osmosis

Front 226

What factor can affect the settling rate of particles?

Back 226

Particle size

Front 227

How can the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water in a dead-end cause water quality problems?

Back 227

Foul sulfide odors are produced

Front 228

What chemical can be used to soften water through chemical precipitation?

Back 228

Calcium hydroxide also known as hydrate lime

Front 229

Which corrosion inhibitor is most effective in controlling lead in the distribution system water?

Back 229

Orthophosphates

Front 230

Which of the following will least likely increase soil corrosiveness?

High acidity

Low soil moisture content

High alkalinity

Presence of sulfate

Back 230

Low soil moisture content

Front 231

Water corrosion in metal piping will increase if?

Back 231

Total dissolved solids are high and pH is below 7.0

Front 232

What metals are most likely to leach from home plumbing and cause a possible health hazard?

Back 232

Lead and copper

Front 233

Which of the following is a required treatment technique for the control of lead?

Back 233

Corrosion control

Front 234

The least reactive metals are called?

Back 234

Cathodic

Front 235

Special care should be taken when using dry Alum and quicklime because if mixed together?

Back 235

Explosive hydrogen gas may be released

Front 236

What method is used to determine compliance for total coliform?

Back 236

Presence-absence method

Front 237

A coliform sample analyzed using presence-absence method should be incubated for?

Back 237

24 & 48 hrs @ 35° c

Front 238

Autoclaves will sterilize with?

Back 238

With steam at 121 degrees C and 15 psi

Front 239

Which problem has consistently caused more waterborne disease outbreaks in the US than any other?

Back 239

Contamination from backflow through cross connections

Front 240

What is the purpose of disinfection of water?

Back 240

The selective destruction of pathogenic organisms

Front 241

Four log removal is?

Back 241

99.99%

Front 242

Which of the following is typically associated with trihalomethanes?

High carbon dioxide in surface waters

Surface water high in organics

Water with organics that has been chlorinated

Groundwater of surface water in higher organics

Back 242

Water with organics that has been chlorinated

Front 243

What disinfectant is most effective and persistent against biofilms?

Back 243

Chloramines

Front 244

What chemical is present in a bacteria sample bottle to neutralize the chlorine?

Back 244

Sodium thiosulfate

Front 245

What is the most important task when shutting down a hypo chlorinator?

Back 245

Turn off water supply pump to avoid contaminating system

Front 246

Generally, all chemical compounds can be divided into what two main groups?

Back 246

Organics and inorganics

Front 247

What does alkalinity of a water sample measure?

Back 247

Capacity to neutralize acids

Front 248

What chemicals will raise ph?

Back 248

Soda ash

Lime

Front 249

pH is a measure of?

Back 249

Hydrogen ion concentration

Front 250

What is the difference between a weak acid and a strong acid?

Back 250

The amount of hydrogen ions realesed

Front 251

What is the purpose for the coliform bacteria test?

Back 251

Test for potential presence of pathogens

Front 252

What is the recommended minimum contact time when disinfecting water mains with the chlorine slug method?

Back 252

3hrs

Front 253

What is the usual strength of available chlorine in sodium hypochlorite?

Back 253

5-15%

Front 254

What do water distribution system operators do?

Back 254

Make water distribution system facilities do their intended job

Front 255

What is ultraviolet ray's limitation of use for disinfection of waters conveyed in the distribution system?

Back 255

Lack of measurable residual

Front 256

Why is drinking water chlorinated past breakpoint?

Back 256

To produce free available chlorine that can and will react if needed

Front 257

What can be used by an operator to test for chlorine residual?

Back 257

DPD (N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine

Front 258

Why should you never add water to acid?

Back 258

Acid could splash all over you

Front 259

In water treatment sequester means?

Back 259

Join one chemical to another to prevent precipitation

Front 260

Why should the water supply pump turn off while the hypo chlorinater is briefly shut down?

Back 260

To avoid pumping unchlorinated water into the distribution system

Front 261

If ammonia vapor passed over a chlorine leak, the presence of the leak is indicated by a?

Back 261

White cloud

Front 262

A fuse plug on a chlorine cylinder melts at?

Back 262

158-165 degrees F

Front 263

What is the purpose of a vacuum regulator?

Back 263

Stop chlorine gas flow if a leak develops

Front 264

Why should a positive water pressure always be maintained in the water distribution system?

Back 264

To protect systems from entrance of toxic substances

Front 265

Where can operators find info regarding hazardous substances?

Back 265

From the safety data sheets

Front 266

What does scada stand for?

Back 266

Supervisory control and data acquisition

Front 267

What does mclg stand for?

Back 267

Maximum containment level goal

Front 268

What happens when moisture combines with chlorine gas?

Back 268

Corrosive hydrochloric acid will be produced

Front 269

Why should sawdust never be used as an absorbent?

Back 269

Because it is combustible

Front 270

What is the cause of most work area accidents on streets and highways?

Back 270

Lack of proper advance warning, signing, and guidance

Front 271

What information must be on a warning tag attached to a locked-out switch?

Back 271

Name of person who locked out the switch

Front 272

When lifting heavy objects, which part of the body should bear the bulk of the physical effort?

Back 272

Legs

Front 273

Why must lubricants and fuels be stored in a separate facility from other storage areas?

Back 273

Because of the potential fire hazard

Front 274

If noise levels cannot be controlled within acceptable limits what must operators do?

Back 274

Wear approved earplugs

Front 275

A class "B" fire extinguisher is used for ____ fires?

Back 275

Flammable liquids

Front 276

Which of the following does not define a confined space?

Large enough for entry

Limited entry/exit

Slippery floor surface

Not designed for continuous occupancy

Back 276

Slippery floor surface

Front 277

Generally, a trench should be no more than __ feet wider than the diameter of the pipe?

Back 277

1-2ft

Front 278

The Safe Water Drinking Act was signed into law in?

Back 278

December 1974

Front 279

What mandates the language and methods of public notification?

Back 279

Us environmental protection agency (epa)

Front 280

What are the right-to-know laws?

Back 280

Laws that control all aspects of hazardous material handling and use

Front 281

Chemical analysis records should be kept for a minimum of?

Back 281

10 years

Front 282

What determines the number of samples a utility must collect for lead and copper rule monitoring?

Back 282

System size

Front 283

What is the purpose of cost-of-service or rate study?

Back 283

To establish fair and equitable rates

Front 284

What type of rate structure promotes water conservation?

Back 284

Uniform rate structure

Front 285

What is act 538; Title 48; Section 40 of the year 1972?

Back 285

The Louisiana Operator Certification Act

Front 286

The ratio of expanse for chlorine gas is?

Back 286

1:450

Front 287

What act requires continuous monitoring of turbidity?

Back 287

Sdwa (safe drinking water act)

Front 288

What is considered parasites?

Back 288

Guardia

Cryptosporidium

Naegleria fowleri (brain-eating amoeba)

Front 289

Name bacteria that can be found in water?

Back 289

Salmonella

Dysentery

Typhoid

Cholera

Newgela

Front 290

Name two virus considered pathogenic organisms.

Back 290

Polio

Hepatitis

Front 291

SDWA establishes an upper limit mcl of roughly no more than ___ organism per 100 ml of sample water

Back 291

1 organism

Front 292

Meter calibration records must be kept for ___ years.

Back 292

3 years

Front 293

Calcium hypochlorite (hth) is ____% chlorine by volume commonly referred to as swimming pool chlorine.

Back 293

65%

Front 294

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach ) liquid form is ________% chlorine be volume

Back 294

5-15%

Front 295

Valve in chlorinator head that opens on vacuum and prevents water from backing up into the cylinder.

Back 295

Diaphragm valve

Front 296

Hypochlorinators feed liquid chlorine solutions with a ________ day supply.

Back 296

2-3day

Front 297

Daily chlorine residual records for a facility meeting the ground water rule 4 log treatment requirements must be kept and sent to LDH by the ______ of each month.

Back 297

10th

Front 298

Daily chlorine and plant operation records must be kept for ____ years and made available for reveiw by LDH during a sanitary Survey.

Back 298

10 years

Front 299

Tanks can be sprayed with ______ppm concentration chlorine.

Back 299

200ppm

Front 300

To collect samples representative of the distribution system from service taps, first ________ the service line.

Back 300

Flush

Front 301

Lead and copper rule requires what kind of sampling?

Back 301

First draw (first flush)

Front 302

As of April 1, 2015, the _____ laboratories switched to "_____" sample bottles for bacteriological sample collection.

Back 302

LDH

IDEXX

Front 303

Louisiana Sate Sanitary Code Part XII states when testing for coliform 40 or more sample per month. No more than ___ may be positive for coliform. Less than 40 per month, no more than ___ positive.

Back 303

5%

1

Front 304

_____% of industrial accidents are caused by slips and falls.

Back 304

25%

Front 305

Oxygen deficiency is _____%

Back 305

<19.5%

Front 306

Oxygen enrichment is ______%

Back 306

>23.5%

Front 307

To move 150 lb cylinder to and from its service location you can by _________________. Then use a dolly to transport it any distance.

Back 307

Rolling it upright on its bottom edge.

Front 308

Chlorine cylinder repair kits is

A kit-______(red)

B kit-______(yellow)

C kit-______(green)

Back 308

150lb cylinder

1 ton cylinder

Rail car tank

Front 309

Always use a ________ each time a cylinder head is removed/replaced.

Back 309

New gasket

Front 310

Class a fire extinguishers are for?

Back 310

Combustible such as paper and wood

Front 311

Class c extinguishers are for?

Back 311

Electrical fires

Front 312

State Sanitary Code Part 12 states an operator must be able to respond on site to any part of his system within ______?

Back 312

1 hour

Front 313

An act passed by congress in 1974 which established a cooperation program among local, state, and federal agencies to ensure safe drinking water for consumers.

Back 313

SDWA (safe drinking water act)

Front 314

Part _______ of _________________ must be posted in written form in plant.

Back 314

PART 12 OF STATE SANITARY CODE

Front 315

If a routine tcr sample tests positive for total coliform. The system must within 24hrs of notification resample the tcr tap and collect ___ repeat samples located within ______ service connections one upstream and one downstream of that routine sample site.

Back 315

2 sample

5 service connections

Front 316

________ has modified the total coliform rule under the state sanitary code, chapter 12 to ensure that water in all points in the disrubtion system has a sufficient minimum disinfectant residual concentration to control the Amoeba Nagleria Fowleri.

Back 316

LDH

Front 317

Routine total coliform rule (tcr) samples shall not be collected at the same poc (point of contact) more than ___ monthly.

Back 317

Once

Front 318

If a source water sample returns fecal positive, the source must be resampled for fecal with ____ consecutive samples.

Back 318

5

Front 319

Systems with ______ or more customers must monitor for disinfection continously.

Back 319

3300

Front 320

Lead and copper rule targets homes with lead solder installed ___________ and before the lead band, homes with lead piping or homes with lead services.

Back 320

After 1982

Front 321

Must have at least _____ ft climb resistant fence around all wells, filter buildings, etc.

Back 321

6ft

Front 322

________________ prevents contamination from surface or shallow waters from entering the well.

Back 322

Conductor casing

Front 323

__________ a microbial growth occurring over a surface of well screens is a common cause of reduced production.

Back 323

Biofouling

Front 324

The distance from the center of the well to the outer limits of the cone of depression.

Back 324

Radius of influence

Front 325

Well vents must be covered with a ______ corrosion resistant screen.

Back 325

24mesh

Front 326

________________ under the ground water resources program manages the states water well construction and abandonment records.

Back 326

Louisiana Department of natural resources

Front 327

_____________ pump has a rotating spiral shaft.

Back 327

Progressive cavity (screw) pump

Front 328

___________ a check valve at the bottom of a pump that closed when the pump stops to hold a prime on the pump.

Back 328

Foot valve

Front 329

A maximum suction lift at sea level has an atmospheric pressure of ______ psi.

Back 329

14.7psi

Front 330

As water tends to be sucked back from pressure to suction through the space between the impeller and the casing, replaceable __________ are added to plug this internal leakage and protect the pump body.

Back 330

Wear rings

Front 331

Used to determine the design performance range in which a pump should be operated within.

Back 331

Pump performance curve

Front 332

A pump should not run without first being ________.

Back 332

Primed

Front 333

Most pumps are provided with a valve called a __________ to allow trapped air to escape until water flows from the vent.

Back 333

Bleeder valve

Front 334

The electrical pressure available to cause a flow or current.

Back 334

Volts

Front 335

Measurement of current or electronic flow and is an indication of work being done or "how hard electricity is working."

Back 335

Amps

Front 336

Unit of measurement of the rate at which power is being used or generated.

Back 336

Watts

Front 337

Three phase motors usually are protected by _____________.

Back 337

Overload relays

Front 338

Type of motor controller that varies an electric motors speed (RPM's) by varying the voltage and frequency supplied to it. Used to vary water production from a pump.

Back 338

Variable frequency drive (VFD)

Front 339

Machines most commonly used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Back 339

Electric motor

Front 340

Motors may be cleaned using compressed air at a maximum pressure of ________.

Back 340

50psi

Front 341

Maximum monetary load placed on a water production or treatment facility.

Back 341

Peak demand

Front 342

Total demand in a period divided by the number of units in that period.

Back 342

Average demand

Front 343

Properly functioning freeze protected _______ are required to prevent rupture from an overpressure condition or a collapse from a vacuum condition.

Back 343

Vents

Front 344

Calcium carbonate is?

Back 344

Lime

Front 345

_________ ponds privide only flood control with a limited discharge. They are referred to as dry ponds.

Back 345

Detention ponds

Front 346

____________ ponds hold a permanent pool of water and discharge via an overflow. They are referred to as wet ponds.

Back 346

Retention ponds

Front 347

A valve used for isolation on mains.

Back 347

gate valve

Front 348

Valve commonly used in filter plants. Only one quarter turn to close or open.

Back 348

Butterfly valve

Front 349

Valve used primarily for flow regulation and pressure control.

Back 349

Globe valve

Front 350

Valve used to permit flow in only one direction.

Back 350

Check valve

Front 351

Type of globe valve used on elevated tanks (should be located above ground)

Back 351

Elevated tank altitude valve

Front 352

_____________ in elevated tank trigger the pump to turn on when the water level drops to a low point and triggers the pump off when tank reaches full.

Back 352

Float switches

Front 353

_______________ and isolation valve shall be at least as large as the hydrant.

Back 353

Hydrant lead (leg)

Front 354

Hydrants shall be inspected ______.

Back 354

Once a year

Front 355

Allows the hydrant upper assembly to "break away" from the lower barrell if hit by a vehicle.

Back 355

Break-away hydrant

Front 356

As per State Sanitary Code Part 12, the break-away flange shall be located ________ above ground.

Back 356

2 inches

Front 357

________ are installed on meters that allow for remote reading. This can be via drive-by, cellular, or satellite.

Back 357

Transponder

Front 358

___________ meters that have a small meter for normal flow and a large meter which opens if flow demand increases.

Back 358

Compound meters (fire flow)

Front 359

A process or pre-determining pipe sequences to be individually flushed and a specific sequence of valves to be operated to create the highest possible velocity of clean water in each pipe sequence for an estimated time duration.

Back 359

Unidirectional flushing (UDF)

Front 360

Taste and odor problems are most noticeable in ______ water supply.

Back 360

Hot

Front 361

_____________ Is used to draw in water while preventing leaves, debris and aquatic life from clogging or damaging pumps, pipes and other pieces of equipment in the treatment plant.

Back 361

Intake structure screen (trash rack)

Front 362

Water leaving the sedimentation process via the weirs then flows to the __________ process.

Back 362

Filtration

Front 363

Typical backwash flow rates range from ____to____ gpm/sqft of media surface area.

Back 363

10 to 25 gpm/sqft

Front 364

Electrochemical corrosion caused by the joining of dissimilar metals.

Back 364

GALVANIC

Front 365

The gradual decomposition of material by chemical action as it reacts with water.

Back 365

Corrosion

Front 366

List Filteration alternatives from least to most effective.

Back 366

Microfiltration 0.1

Ultrafiltration 0.01

Nanofiltration 0.001

Reverse osmosis 0.0001

Front 367

Neither _______ or ___________ filtration can remove dissolved substances unless they are first absorbed (with activated carbon) or coagulation (with Alum or iron salts).

Back 367

Microfiltration

Ultrafiltration

Front 368

Corrosion control chemicals should be fed ______ filtration and before, during, or after post-chlorination.

Back 368

After

Front 369

_________- taste and odor removal by addition of materials that the taste and odor will attach themselves to.

Back 369

Adsorption

Front 370

The most common t&o control technique used in this country.

Back 370

Powered activated carbon (PAC) technique

Front 371

Mottling of teeth (brown deposits) occurs when the fluoride level exceeds about ______mg/L.

Back 371

1.5mg/L

Front 372

Fluoridation chemicals must meet ________ specifications.

Back 372

AWWA (AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION)

Front 373

All fluoridation chemicals have a pH of _____ and poisonous at high levels.

Back 373

1.2

Front 374

Most commonly used fluoridation chemical.

Back 374

Hydroflousilic Acid

Front 375

___________ containment shall be provided for all liquid chemical storage tanks.

Back 375

Secondary containment

Front 376

Most common colors found in raw water are _______ and _______.

Back 376

Yellow and brown

Front 377

Drinking water between ______ and ______degrees F is most desirable.

Back 377

50-60 degrees F

Front 378

The rate of chemical reactions and biological growths _______ with decreasing temperature.

Back 378

Decreases

Front 379

As water temperature goes up pH goes _______.

Back 379

Down

Front 380

As water temperature goes down pH goes _______.

Back 380

Up

Front 381

Pure water has a pH of 7 only at _____ degrees C.

Back 381

25 degrees Celsius

Front 382

Although objectionable for aesthetic reasons, the major danger of turbidity in drinking water is that it can ___________ and increase chlorine demands.

Back 382

Harbor bacteria

Front 383

__________ requires continuous monitoring of turbidity.

Back 383

SDWA INTERIM ENHANCED SAFE WATER TREATMENT RULE (IESWTR)

Front 384

___________ is used in determining alkalinity.

Back 384

Sulfuric acid

Front 385

The secondary mcl of _______ mg/L for chlorine in drinking water has been established by reasons of taste rather than as a safeguard against a physical or a health hazard.

Back 385

250mg/L

Front 386

MRDL is

Back 386

Maximum residual disinfectant level

Front 387

TT is

Back 387

Treatment technique

Front 388

________ are significantly more resistant to chlorine than bacteria and must be addressed with filtration.

Back 388

Viruses

Front 389

_________ need to be calibrated each shift as solution looses strength over time

Back 389

Hypo chlorinators

Front 390

The truest evaluation of water in a distribution system can be obtained from _____________________.

Back 390

Samples drawn directly from the main

Front 391

- best obtained by grasping the container at the base with one hand and plunging the bottle mouth down into the water to avoid introduction of any surface material.

Back 391

Surface sampling

Front 392

- a special sealed device that is lowered to the proper depth, opened to obtain the sample, then closed and retreived.

Back 392

Depth sampling

Front 393

- to collect samples representative of the distribution system for service taps, first flush the service line. Sample should not be taken from drinking fountains or taps with aerators.

Back 393

Water tap sampling

Front 394

To preserve coliform samples you must keep at ________. Must test within _______hrs

Back 394

10 degrees C

30 hours

Front 395

You must have ______ laboratory if anything other than chlorine is added to water.

Back 395

Approved

Front 396

Must use ________ laboratories to check for things like lead and mercury (primary contaminants)

Back 396

Certified

Front 397

Laboratory method where a known concentration and volume of a reagent is used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by reacting with the substance.

Back 397

Titration

Front 398

A laboratory method of measuring concentrations of certain substances in the water by using the flow of electric current.

Back 398

Ampherometric

Front 399

Test used to determine the degree to which a sample of water is saturated with calcium carbonate.

Back 399

Marble test

Front 400

A device that counts and measures individual particles in water.

Back 400

Particle counter

Front 401

On a 1 ton cylinder the top valve is for _____ and the bottom valve is for ______.

Back 401

Gas

Liquid

Front 402

______ verifies compliance with the operator certification rule during sanitary surveys.

Back 402

LDH

Front 403

-Does not meet the criteria for a community water supply and serves at least 25 people at least 60 days per year.

Back 403

Non community water supplies

Front 404

-regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons (non residents) over 6 months per year. Example: schools.

Back 404

Non-transient non-community water system

Front 405

-does not regularly serve at least 25 of the same persons over 6 months per year. Example: roadside rest stop.

Back 405

Transient non-community water system

Front 406

For permits submission of design plans and specifications to _____ is required for any construction, renovation or modification of any public water system.

Back 406

LDH

Front 407

Systems are inspected by _____ at a minimum of __________ or possibly more often if deemed necessary.

Back 407

LDH

Once every 3 years

Front 408

Only the state health officer can issue/rescind a ______________. The utility may issue/rescind a ___________.

Back 408

Boil water notice

Boil water advisory

Front 409

Any violation of the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations shall be reported to _____ within ______ of discovery.

Back 409

LDH

48 hours

Front 410

______ has modified the total coliform rule under the state sanitary code, chapter 12 to ensure that water in all points in the distribution system has a sufficient minimum disinfectant residual concentration to control the Amoeba Naegleria Fowleri.

Back 410

LDH

Front 411

Operator shall complete LDH-OPH certification form and shall submit it ______ before sampling for lead and copper.

Back 411

14 days

Front 412

For security purposes Gates, exterior doors and windows must be ______ when unattended.

Back 412

Locked

Front 413

How much space should be between the shoring and the sides of the excavation?

Back 413

None

Front 414

Where an impermeable formation confines the ground water in the zone of saturation under pressure.

Back 414

Artesian pressure

Front 415

A well where the water is under pressure greater than atmospheric and where the wells static water level will rise naturally above the level of its confining surface. The water may or may not flow to the surface.

Back 415

Artesian well

Front 416

A well where the water under Artesian pressure flows to the surface.

Back 416

Flow well

Front 417

A well where the water under Artesian pressure flows to the surface.

Back 417

Flow well

Front 418

The imaginary surface to which groundwater rises in wells or springs under hydrostatic pressure.

Back 418

Piezometric surface

Front 419

Seals out water from undesirable formations and protects casing from external corrosion

Back 419

Annular grout seal

Front 420

Maintains the well hole by preventing collapse and provides a conduit for the pump column pipe.

Back 420

Well casing

Front 421

In wells the size and type of the screen openings depends on the _______.

Back 421

Formation material which varies between formations

Front 422

________ is based by the uniformity coefficient of sand samples taken at intervals while drilling thru the formation.

Back 422

Screen sizing

Front 423

__________ a ratio of the size at which 60% of a sand sample passes through a sieve divided by the size at which 10% of the sample passes through a sieve. A lower UC indicates sand particles are close in size. A higher UC indicates greater size differentiation.

Back 423

Uniformity coefficient

Front 424

__________ a ratio of the size at which 60% of a sand sample passes through a sieve divided by the size at which 10% of the sample passes through a sieve.

Back 424

Uniformity coefficient

Front 425

A pump that circulates the mud up through the drill pipe to the bit. The mud then flows to the surface bringing cuttings with it.

Back 425

Mud pump (piston pump)

Front 426

For sample taps in water wells _____ type valves shall not be used.

Back 426

Petcock type

Front 427

A current that flows in one direction only and is essentially free of pulsation.

Back 427

Direct Current (D.C.)

Front 428

A current that goes from zero to max back to zero and then max in the other direction.

Back 428

Alternative Current (A.C.)

Front 429

__________ power is generally used with motors and transformers found in water treatment plants, and usually is 208, 220, 240 volts or 440, 460, 480 (most common), and 550 volts.

Back 429

Three-phase

Front 430

Records the current or "amps" flowing in the circuit and is used to determine motor load.

Back 430

Ammeter

Front 431

A __________ cannot be compressed.

Back 431

Liquid

Front 432

The level water would rise to in small vertical tube if they were connected to a pressurized pipe.

Back 432

Hydraulic Grade Line

Front 433

The slope of the water surface in an open channel or the slope of the water surface in a groundwater table.

Back 433

Hydraulic Gradient

Front 434

Calibration for meters is usually done in a ___________ by running a known volume thru the meter for comparison.

Back 434

Meter shop

Front 435

Most positive type of prevention for backflow that eliminates the hazard with a physical separation of the greater of 2 times the pipe diameter or 2inches.

Back 435

Air gap

Front 436

___________ states that water suppliers shall develop implement a written backflow prevention plan that outlines how it verifies that customers comply and assures that only complying customers will connect and remain connected to its water supply.

Back 436

LA State Sanitary Code, Part XII

Front 437

When reduced or negative pressure occurs on a distribution system and undesirable water flows back thru a cross connection.

Back 437

Back siphonage

Front 438

When the undesirable water source over pressures the distribution system and flows back thru a cross connection.

Back 438

Back pressure

Front 439

_______ addresses localized water quality issues usually relative to complaints or some event, usually by flushing the local mains and branches. (Re-active)

Back 439

Conventional flushing

Front 440

Always direct flushing water ______ from traffic and pedestrians.

Back 440

Away

Front 441

Equipment or facilities are repaired or replaced after wear, malfunction or break down.

Back 441

Corrective

Front 442

Equipment or facilities are inspected and maintained before failure with the intent of avoiding break downs or other problems.

Back 442

Preventive

Front 443

Equipment or facilities are monitored using sensors to monitor key parameters, then continously evaluated against historical trends to predict failure before it occurs.

Back 443

Predictive

Front 444

The primary turdity standard

Back 444

Formazin

Front 445

List primary radioactive substances (radionuclides).

Back 445

Alphas

betas

Radium

Uranium

Front 446

_______are the only official way to test pH.

Back 446

Meters

Front 447

The most accurate method used for measuring free or combined chlorine residual. This method is relatively free of interference but does require greater operator skill and is expensive.

Back 447

Amperometric titration

Front 448

Maximum chlorine residual at end of lines for both chlorine and chloramine systems at all times.

Back 448

4.0 ppm