Wars

Front 1

1. What was the most important part of the Greek army in the late archaic period?

Back 1

• Heavily armed foot soldiers known as hoplites

Front 2

2. What was the regiment in a Greek army called?

Back 2

• Phyle

Front 3

3. What battle tactics were used by the Greek army?

Back 3

• Phalanx

Front 4

4. What would a Greek soldier be outfitted in?

Back 4

Cuirasses helmets boots and were armed with long spears and swords

Front 5

5. Describe a trireme.

Back 5

• Fast and easy to maneuver
• 41m long 6 m wide
• In good sea conditions they could reach speeds of around 16km/hour
• Each oar was 4m long
• Sail was probably make of linen
• Prow of ship equipped with a bronze ram, was used to sink enemy ship
• Front of ship was decorated with a painted eye to scare the enemy
• Steered from two oars at stern
• Fast and easy to maneuver
• 41m long 6 m wide
• In good sea conditions they could reach speeds of around 16km/hour
• Each oar was 4m long
• Sail was probably make of linen
• Prow of ship equipped with a bronze ram, was used to sink enemy ship
• Front of ship was decorated with a painted eye to scare the enemy
• Steered from two oars at stern

Front 6

6. Who would be on board a trireme?

Back 6

• Crews of up to 200 men
• 170 were rowers
• Carried a number of archers and soldiers who traveled on upper deck
• Captain of ship, called a trierarch
• Professional sailor

Front 7

7. What was the cause of the Persian wars?

Back 7

• Greeks were threatened by Persians
• As Persians expanded their empire westwards they tried to seize Greek territory
• Persians conquered Ionian states on west coast of Asia minor
• Ionians became discontented with Persian rule and rebelled helped by navel force from Athens and Eretria, Persians crushed their revolt
• Start of a series of wars between Greeks and Persians.

Front 8

8. How was Philip able to unify Macedon within 25 years?

Back 8

• He had united the country extended the frontiers and turned Macedonia into the greatest military power of he day.

Front 9

How did Philip die?

Back 9

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 10

How did Philip die?

Back 10

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 11

How did Philip die?

Back 11

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 12

How did Philip die?

Back 12

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 13

How did Philip die?

Back 13

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 14

How did Philip die?

Back 14

• He was assassin soon after he took another wife in 337bc the assassin could have been a political opponent but it is possible that Olympia’s or Alexander had paid him

Front 15

10. What was a major accomplishment of Alexander the Great?

Back 15

• He had the largest empire in the ancient world and the title of Alexander the great

Front 16

11. What happened after Alexander’s death?

Back 16

• The generals soon divided the empire up between themselves

Front 17

12. In point form summarize the Battle of Marathon. (5 marks)

Back 17

• Persians did not forgive Athens and eretria for helping the Ionians
• Before the battle the Athenians send pheidippedes the fastest runner in Greece to bring help from Sparta, but they couldn’t come
• The Greeks had been watching the Persians from the hills around marathon and decided to take them by surprise
• They attack won the day for the Athenians they drove the Persians back to their ships and the Persians suffered heavy losses
• On the shoreline the Athenians overpowered seven Persian ships but the rest sailed away.

Front 18

13. In point form summarize the Battle of Thermopylae. (5 marks)

Back 18

• Small army of Spartans and Boeotians were able to prevent Persians of getting through
• Greek traitor showed them another way through
• Leonidas knew he would be outnumbered so he sent away most of soldiers to safety
• He fought with what little troops he had left
• Hopelessly outnumbered and were all killed

Front 19

14. In point form summarize the Battle of Salamis. (5 marks)

Back 19

• After Thermopylae Persians moved south to attack Athens
• Athenians asked oracle of Delphi what they should do, it said they would be saved by wooden walls
• Athens was abandoned all people fled to other parts of Greece
• Greek army and naval fleet went to salamis and awaited the Persians.
• Leader sent false message saying Greek fleet was planning to escape in the night.
• Persians were lured into the narrow waters of the salamis channel. The Persians were unable to maneuver in narrow waters and after a battle they were defeated

Front 20

15. In point form summarize the Battle of Platae. (5 marks)

Back 20

• Xerxes saw his fleet scattered and destroyed, and decided to gather his army and go back to Asia.
• He left behind half of his army
• The half of his army moved south and was met by around 1000,000 Greeks from almost all city-states.
• Persians were crushed
• At the same tie the Greek navy attacked and burned the Persian fleet, while it beached on the coast of Asia minor

Front 21

16. What was the Delian League and why was it formed?

Back 21

• Members of the league contributed ships and money to provide navy to defend them. Many Greeks believed that it was only a matter of time before the Persians tried to avenger their defeat and this was to get them ready.

Front 22

17. Why did the relationship between Athens and Sparta deteriorate following the Persian Wars?

Back 22

• The Greeks and Persians continued to fight over various territories around the Mediterranean such as Egypt Cyprus and Ionia. They then signed a peace treaty with Persia but Greeks continued to dislike and fear the Persians.