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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is desmoplasia
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proliferation of fibrous connective tissue around a tumor
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what is a choristoma
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small non-neoplastic patch of ectopic tissue (e.g. pancreatic tissue in the stomach)
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What hormones does small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung produce
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ACTH, ADH
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what tumor leads to Cushing syndrome, how?
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small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung. ACTH
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what tumor causes SIADH, how?
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small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung, ADH production
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what tumors cause hypercalcemia, how?
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Multiple myeloma: plasma cells produce osteoclast activating factor. Brochogenic SSC produces PTrp
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what tumors cause hypoglycemia, how?
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insulin-like substances produced by HCC, mesotheliomas, sarcomas
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what tumors cause polycythemia, how
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renal tumors, EPO
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what tumors cause hyperthyroidism
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hydatidiform moles, choriocarcinomas, lung tumors. E.g. TSH
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What is trousseau phenomenon and what carcinomas is it a/w
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migratory thrombophlebitis. Pancreatic ca, other visceral malignancies
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what cancers produce carcinoembryonic ag (CEA)
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colon ca, etc
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what cancers produce alpha fetoprotein? When else is AFP elevated? When is it low?
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HCC, germ cell tumors. Elevated also in: fetal anencephaly, other neural tube defects. AFP dec in Down syn.
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alkylating agents are a/w which type of cancer
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acute leukemia
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asbestos is a/w which type of cancer? What about asbestos + smoking?
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asbestos: pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, broncogenic lung ca, GI tract ca. asbestos + smoking: bronchogenic
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foods rich in nitrosamines. A/w which cancer?
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adenocarcinoma of the stomach
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alcohol is a/w which cancers?
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mouth, espophagus (esp w/ smoking)
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what type of cancer do pt who have received IR for head and neck cancers get
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thyroid
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describe grading and staging of tumors. What is the TNM system
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grading is a histopathological evulation based on the degree of cellular differentiation. Staging is a clincal assesment of degree of spread of tumor. Staging can use the TNM system: Tumor (size/extent), Node involvement, Metastiss.
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What system is used for prognosis of colorectal cancer
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Dukes system
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What is the Dukes system
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sys for evaluating colorectal ca
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What is the Ann Arbor system
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sys for evaluating Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas
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What system is used for evaluating lymphomas
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Ann Arbor system
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