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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gastroenterology
Symptoms |
pain
dysguesia dysphagia choking coughing nasal regurgitation |
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Gastroenterology
Function |
taste
mechanical preparation of bolus lubrication transport digestion |
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Esophagus
Function |
Transport
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Esophagus
Symptoms |
dysphagia
odynophagia heartburn (pyrosis) chest pain |
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Stomach
Functions |
reservoir
mixing grinding lubrication transport digestion |
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Stomach
Symptoms |
dyspepsia
pain nausea vomiting anorexia early satiety bloating |
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Small Intestine
Functions |
digestion
nutrient absorption water absorption transport |
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Small Intestine
Symptoms |
pain
bloating nausea vomiting anorexia early satiety diarrhea borborygmi |
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Gastroenterology
Symptoms |
pain
dysguesia dysphagia choking coughing nasal regurgitation |
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Gastroenterology
Function |
taste
mechanical preparation of bolus lubrication transport digestion |
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Esophagus
Function |
Transport
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Esophagus
Symptoms |
dysphagia
odynophagia heartburn (pyrosis) chest pain |
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Liver
Functions |
Power plant
- processing and redistribution of glucose and fatty acids Manufacturing plant - transport proteins - coagulation factors Waste management plant - detoxification - excretion |
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Liver
Symptoms |
fatigue
anorexia pruritus jaundice |
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Colon
Functions |
water absorption
transport reservoir excretion |
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Colon
Symptoms |
pain
bloating constipation diarrhea |
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Biliary Tree
Functions |
bile transport
reservoir |
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Biliary Tree
Symptoms |
pain
jaundice pruritus |
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Pancreas
Functions |
digestion
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Pancreas
Symptoms |
pain
diarrhea jaundice |
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Alarm Symptoms of the GI tract
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weight loss
blood loss - hematemesis, coffee-grounds emesis - melena, hematochezia - iron-deficiency anemia dysphagia nocturnal symptoms new-onset GI symptoms after age 45 jaundice |
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Signs and Symptoms of
Gastrointestinal Pathology |
pain
bleeding dysphagia nausea/vomiting diarrhea constipation weight loss jaundice |
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dysphagia
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difficulty swallowing
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Mechanisms of GI Pathology
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Inflammation
Ulceration Obstruction Dysmotility |
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What are the most common causes of GI Pathology?
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Infectious/Inflammatory
Neoplastic Psychologic/psychiatric |
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Dysguesia
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disordered taste... bad taste
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odynophagia
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painful swallowing (like if there is an ulceration in esophagus)
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Antrum
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distal third of the stomach
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dyspepsia
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discomfort in upper abdomen
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borborygmi
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growling noises that your abdomen makes
(does not indicate pathology) |
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Where does the small intestine empty into large intestine?
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ileocecal valve
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If you are jaundiced and have severe pain, what is your problem?
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Biliary tree
although it could be pancreas problems (obstructing biliary tree) (liver does not cause severe pain... only mild discomfort) |
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hematochezia
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bright red blood per rectum
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hematemesis
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bright red blood vomiting
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coffee-grounds emesis
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brown (digested blood) vomiting
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melena
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black (digested) bowel movements
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What age do GI cancers start to show up?
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age 45 year old
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What laboratory studies are used to indicate GI problems?
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CBC
INR CMP Amylase, Lipase Urinalysis Stool studies |
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What are the stool studies?
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fecal occult blood testing (FOBT)... indicates CA
WBC, organisms... indicates infxn electrolytes, fat |
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What is revealed with CMP?
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Na
K Cl HCO3 BUN/Cr LFTs Glucose (to determine the severity of the symptoms) |
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How is pancreas cancer usually diagnosed these days?
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Endoscopic ultrasound
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Treatment of Disease in Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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Pharmacology
- oral - anal - intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous Endoscopic Interventional Radiology Surgery |
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Capsule Endoscopy
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Pill sized tool used to visualize the small intestine
Fxns for 8 hours 2 pictures per second |
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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP) |
Endoscope is inserted through the mouth into the duodenum
Dye is injected through a catheter into the pancreatic or biliary ducts |
