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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much more must small breed dogs consume during gestation? |
25% more |
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How much more must medium-large breed dogs consume during gestation? |
10-15% more. |
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When do gestating animals experience increased food demands? |
5-6 weeks of gestation. |
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When during gestation must cats increase consumption and by how much? |
3-4 weeks of gestation, cats must consume 25% more. |
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Canine behavior during lactation |
Very hungry — seeking food or begging. |
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Canine lactation guidelines (4) |
1. Ad-libitum feeding encouraged 2. 1st week - feed intake may be increased by 50% 2. 2nd week - 2x maintenance 3. 3rd week - 3x maintenance |
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We want to avoid having a lactating dog hungry because |
Eating too fast can be a factor in development of GI problems + even GDV. |
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Canine lactation/gestation exercise guidelines |
Light exercise + activity that the dog is used to can be beneficial for wellbeing but nothing too strenuous. |
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Cat lactation guidelines (3) |
1. 2-3× more by week 1-2 of lactation 2. Oil/canned food can be added if still losing weight 3. Some use kitten foods to provide increased nutrients |
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Highest energy demand: Gestation or lactation? |
Lactation |
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Hypothermia in puppoes/kittens |
Often means they are not feeding well + may be fatal especially in early neonatal period. |
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Normal growth rate in puppies |
2-4g/kg based on anticipated adult weight. |
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Stomach capacity of neonatal pupoies/kittens |
50 mL/kg |
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Kittens initial weight and expected growth rate |
85-120 g at birth. Expected weight gain of 100g/week. |
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Caloric needs for puppies/kittens |
22-26 kCal/100g of BW for first few months |
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What age can kittens be weaned? |
7-9 weeks, slightly longer than puppies. |
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What to monitor in nursing female (4) |
1. Glands shouldnt be hard/inflamed 2. Should be interested in babies + allowing to nurse 3. Babies should be nursing asap after birth as colostrum required for necessary transfer of maternal antibodies. 4. Assisted feedings may be required |
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Puppy/kitten litter records (7) |
1. Birth order 2. Sex + identification markings 3. Problems at birth 4. Date + time 5. Any treatments (assisted feedings) 6. Time + feeding amounts, include urination + defecation 7. Weights (weekly, if problems then daily) |
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Hypothermia prevention in puppies + kittens |
1. Supplemental heat source they can get to or away from 2. In hospital — Bair huggers, circulating hot water blankets 3. At home — hot water bottles, heat lamps, rice bags |
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Orphaned neonates nutritional guidelines (6) |
1. Species specific milk replacer 2. Puppies — 10mL/3-4 hours 3. Kittens — 5 mL/3-4 hours 4. Not cold or hot 5. Bottle drop forms every 1-2 s when tipped. 6. By 2 weeks feeding should be approx 25% of BW in 4-6 feedings/24 hours |
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Why is cows milk not recommended for puppies/kittens? |
Cows milk has too much water and can predispose to GI problems + slow growth rate in puppies/kittens. |
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Ambient temp recommendations for puppies/kittens |
28.8-32.2 degrees Celsius |
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Hypothermia signs (6) |
1. Shallow respirations 2. GI paralysis 3. Weakness 4. Low HR 5. Coma 6. Death |
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Stomach tube feeding guidelines in puppies/kittens (7) |
1. 5-8F feeding tube 2. Pre-measure from nose to last rib, mark 3. Left side 4. No gag reflex till 10 days, easy passage = reassurance you are in right place 5. Kink tube upon removal to avoid aspiration as tube removed 6. Hold neonate at 4t degree angle, gentle back pats + belly rubs 7. Warm water + stimulate perianal area to encourage urination + defecation |
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Canine weaning guidelines (3) |
1. 6-8 weeks 2. Give dam water only to reduce milk production 3. Slowly reintroduce to maintenance feeding over 4 days (25% at a time) |
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Feline weaning guidelines (4) |
1. 3-4 weeks can start introducing food 2. Canned + kibble for kittens 3. Do not overfeed 4. Feed at regular times |
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Puppy weaning guidelines (5) |
1. Do not encourage competition 2. 3-4 meals daily in equal amounts 3. Try training to drink from dish at 2 weeks 4. Offer wet at 3 weeks, move to solid gradually 5. Stop milk as decreasing ability to digest it |
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Too fast growth in puppies can cause (2) |
1. Predisposition to respiratory, CV diseases. 2. Orthopedic - Chronic damage from pressure on growth plates |
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Puppy growth rate guidelines (4) |
1. Huge genetic + breed variation 2. Use weight (breed standards, parent info) + BCS to keep track 3. Do not overfeed 4. Not too rigorous exercise regime |
