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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the types of air samples. |
Grab and Integrated
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Which air sample is taken over a short period of time? |
Grab |
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Describe how integrated samples are collected. |
Integratedsamples are collected over a period of time, usually hours, to integrate thehigh and low concentrations for an average. One or more samples can becollected for the duration of a particular period of time. |
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List the sampling instruments that are designed tomeasure one or a group of compounds. |
Combustiblegas monitors, oxygen monitors, carbon monoxide monitors, indoor air qualitymonitors, mercury vapor monitors, colormetric tubes and badges. |
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What type of sampling equipment would you most likelyuse for screening samples? |
indirect reading instruments
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Which sampling device is sensitive to aromatichydrocarbons? |
Photoionization detectors (PID) |
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Describe breakthrough.
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If thebackup section contains a mass greater than 10 percent of the mass of the frontsection, then breakthrough has occurred. |
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What is an Electrostatic precipitator used for? |
Electrostaticprecipitators are used when the required sample volume is large, highcollection efficiency is required for very small particles (such as fumes). |
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What is an OEEL-STEL?
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It is aconcentration to which workers can be exposed continuously for a short periodof time without suffering from: Irritation, chronic or irreversible tissuedamage, narcosis of sufficient degree to increase the likelihood of accidentalinjury, impair self-rescue, or materially reduced work efficiency. |
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What is a ceiling limit? |
Theoccupational exposure limits–ceiling (OEEL-C) is the concentration of acontaminant which can never be exceeded during any part of the workingexposure. |
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Why is a TWA different from normal averaging ofnumbers? |
The TWAtakes into account not only the different concentrations, but also how long theworker is exposed at each concentration. |
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When considering where to sample, how are samplinglocations divided? |
Samplinglocations for air sampling are divided into two kinds: area and personal. |
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Briefly explain full-period consecutive samples. |
Taking twoor more samples over the work shift. |
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If you have a recommended flow rate of 0.1 to 0.2 andthe minimum volume is 3 liters, how long will you have to let the sample pumprun before collecting enough sample to meet the LOD? |
15 minutes
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Why are minimum and maximum flow rates set? |
The minimumand maximum flow rates referenced in the NMAM are set to provide the greatestcollection efficiency for the chemical being sampled. |
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List the items which require field calibration.
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Personalsampling pumps, toxic gas monitors, combustible gas monitors, and oxygenmeters. |
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What happens to items requiring laboratorycalibration? |
Those itemsrequiring laboratory calibration will be entered into a calibration program forperiodic recall. A permanent record of calibration procedures, data and resultsshould be kept. |
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List the primary standard devices used for calibratingair sampling pumps. |
soap- bubble buret and electronic soap- bubble meter
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What is the piece of equipment most commonly used tocalibrate sampling pumps? |
soap- bubble buret
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Why is integrated sampling useful for area sampling? |
Integratedsampling can be used to provide a good indication of the airborne concentrationof a chemical contaminant in a room/area over a relatively long time (up to8-hrs). |
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Where should you place a sampling pump for areasampling? |
Strategicallyplace your pump(s) in a fixed location that will obtain the most representativeair sample possible. |
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What is the goal for area air sampling? |
You want toobtain the most representative air sample possible. |
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Why are blanks sent to the laboratory?
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Blanks aresent to the laboratory along with the rest of your sample media to determine ifany contamination occurred from the time the media was opened until the time itreached the laboratory. |
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Briefly describe how to connect the sampling train to aworker? |
First,attach the sampling pump using the clip to attach it to the worker’s belt. Thenattach the tubing, prepare and attach the sampling media just before attachingit to the sampling train. |
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How should the sampling media be placed? |
The mediashould be positioned so it faces downward so dust, particles, etc., cannotcontaminate the media. |
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Why should you be present when the process ends? |
You want tobe there when the process ends so you can record the stop time, turn off thepump and close/secure the media. |
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Which mathematical model is used for unusual workschedules by proportionally reducing the exposure limit for both the increasein exposure time and the reduction in recovery time? |
The Briefand Scale mathematical model is used. |
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What formula is used to calculate and equivalent OEELwhile taking into account the decreased recovery time between exposures? |
OEEL-TWA 10-hr= RFdaily× OEEL −TWA. |
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What are the formulas to convert to the same units? |
Mg/m3 = MW x ppm ÷24.45 and ppm = mg/m3 x 24.45 ÷ MW. |
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Your sample flow rate was .6 lpm and your totalsampling time was 120 minutes, what is your sample volume? |
72 liters
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Using the information from the previous answer, what isthe equivalent sample volume in m3? |
.072 m3.
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Use the following sample data to calculate a TWA. Theworker left the area immediately after sampling and is not exposed during theremainder of the 8-hour shift. 30 minutes -80ppm, 2 hours-60 ppm, 3hours-50ppm 30 minutes 120 ppm |
46.25 ppm
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Use the following sample data to calculate a TWA. Theworker stayed in the area after sampling for the remainder of his shift. 45 minutes-75ppm,1 hour-105 ppm, 4 hours-60ppm 15 minutes 165 ppm |
73.75 ppm |
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Sr for NIOSH method 1614 is 0.062. The OEELis 1 ppm. What is the UCL if the TWA is 0.8 ppm? |
0.9 |
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Using the same NIOSH method and Sr asquestion #1, calculate the UCL for the following sampling results: 1 hour-0.5 ppm, 2 hours-1.1 ppm, 3 hours-0.7 ppm 2 hours-0.8 ppm |
0.93 |
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What must you consider if a worker isexposed to two or more chemicals on the same shift? |
Chemicals with similar toxicological effects, you must consider their combined effect. The exposure is much more serious than it appears because the chemicals act together as one chemical in their attack on an organ system.
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Calculate the compliance factor using the followingsampling data and determine whether the exposure is acceptable. All 4 chemicalscause damage to the lungs. Chemical TWA OEEL #1 20 ppm 80 ppm #2 70 ppm 300 ppm #3 0.5 ppm 1 ppm #4 12 ppm 25 ppm |
Compliance factor is 1.46. The exposure is not acceptable. |
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Calculate the compliance factor using the followingsampling data and determine if the exposure is acceptable. Chemical Target Organs TWA OEEL #1 Eyes, lungs 22 ppm 90 ppm #2 Lungs, liver 15 ppm 140 ppm #3 Skin, kidneys 0.9 ppm 1 ppm #4 Blood, lungs 10 ppm 35 ppm |
Compliance factor is 0.64. The exposure is acceptable. |
