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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do Earthquakes occur?
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plate boundaries
where plates slip along a fault line |
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Why are Earthquakes common in California?
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Earthquakes are common in California because California is located where two plates meet.
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What are Seismic waves?
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Earthquake generated waves.
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Name 2 characteristics about Surface seismic waves.
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Surface are the most destructive and the slowest traveling seismic wave.
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What is the Richter scale?
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The Richter Scale is based on measurements of heights, amplitudes, and magnitude of seismic waves.
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What is a seismograph?
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An instrument used to study seismic waves.
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How are Sedimentary Rocks formed?
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Compaction and Cementation
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How do Igneous Rocks form?
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Cooling of magma
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How do Metamorphic Rocks form?
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Heat and pressure
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Name some metamorphic rocks.
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Slate, Gneiss, Marble
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If shown several layers of rock, where would you find the youngest and the oldest fossil?
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The youngest fossil would be located in the top layer and the oldest fossil would be located in the bottom layer.
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What is a fossil?
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Remains of an organism.
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What is a continent?
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A major land mass
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Where do mountains form?
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Mountains form at plate boundaries.
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Why are older mountains more round and smaller than younger mountains?
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Weathering and erosion
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Which layer of the Earth is most effected by weathering and erosion?
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Crust
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What is the shape of a shield volcano?
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Broad, gentle slope, largest
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What is the shape of a cinder cone?
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Small, steep sided, cone shape.
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What is the shape of a composite volcano?
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Steep sided mountain.
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What causes volcanoes in Hawaii?
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Hot Spots
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Why does magma rise toward the surface?
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Magma is less dense than the surrounding material.
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What is lava?
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Magma when it reaches the surface.
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What force causes a reverse fault?
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Compression
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What force causes a normal fault?
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Tension
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What force causes a strike-slip fault?
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Shearing
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Give an example of a naturally occurring pollutant.
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volcanic ash
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