Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Magma
|
molten rock within the earth
|
|
|
Lava
|
molten rock that has reached the surface of the earth
|
|
|
Volcano
|
a landform, usually conical, produced by accumulations of erupted material
|
|
|
Vent
|
an opening in the surface of the earth, through which gas and erupted material pass
|
|
|
Hot spot
|
a localized zone of melting in the mantle that is fixed under a plate
|
|
|
Ash
|
fragmented volcanic material with particles that measure less than 2 mm in diameter
|
|
|
Magma chamber
|
a pool of magma within the earth
|
|
|
Lava dome
|
a bulbous, steep-sided dome that forms at the top of a volcano when thick, relatively “cold” magma emerges from the volcanic opening
|
|
|
Lava flow
|
lava that flows quickly over the surface of the earth and covers a wide area
|
|
|
Viscosity
|
the tendency of liquids to resist flow. Liquids with low viscosity flow readily (water). Liquids with high viscosity flow slowly (corn syrup).
|
|
|
Composite Volcano
|
A volcano that forms from alternating eruptions of viscous (thick) lava and broken rock. It is steep near the summit and flat toward the base.
|
|
|
Crater
|
a small, bowl-shaped hole that forms when rock explodes from a volcano during an eruption.
|
|
|
Shield Volcano
|
A wide, broadly sloping volcano that forms from runny lava. It is the largest of volcanoes.
|
|
|
Cinder Cone
|
A small (less than 400 meters high), cone-shaped volcano made of cinders that accumulate around the volcanic vent.
|
|
|
Cinders
|
Pebble-sized pieces of congealed lava and rock fragments.
|
|
|
Caldera
|
a large, steep-sided, circular or oval volcanic depression that forms when magma retreats or erupts from a shallow underground magma chamber
|
|
|
Pillow lava
|
balloon-like mounds that form when lava erupts under water or empties into the ocean
|
|
|
Lahar
|
mudflow that occurs when rain falls through clouds of ash or when rivers become choked with falling volcanic debris
|
