Vol 04 Chap 12 - Shock Trauma Resuscitation

Front 1

Key Elements of Scene Size-Up

Back 1

- Determine the mechanism of injury
- Identify scene hazards including the extent of body substance isolation required
- Account for and locate all patients
- Request any additional resources

Front 2

When to Employ Spinal Precautions

Back 2

- Mechanism of injury suggests the possibility of any spinal injury
- Suspicion of any extremes of flexion/extension, lateral bending, axial loading, distraction, rotation, or any direct penetrating or blunt forces expressed to the neck
- Patient with a reduced level of consciousness (due to injury, intoxication, or shock)
- Patient with any significant injury above the shoulders
- Patient complaining of any pain along the spinal column
- Patient complaining of any limb numbness or tingling
- Any other unusual distal neurologic signs

Front 3

Basic Assessment Techniques

Back 3

- Questioning
- Inspection
- Palpation
- Auscultation
- Percussion

Front 4

Elements of a Trauma History

Back 4

- Allergies
- Medications
- Past medical history
- Last oral intake
- Events leading to the incident

Front 5

Steps to Follow If a Patient Refuses Treatment

Back 5

- Suggest strongly that the patient should receive assessment, care, and transport
- Warn the patient of the dangers of refusing assessment, care, and transport
- Suggest that the patient see a family physician
- Encourage the patient to contact EMS again if the problem persists or worsens

Front 6

Signs of Deterioration During Ongoing Assessment

Back 6

- Increasing pulse rate
- Decreasing pulse strength
- Narrowing pulse pressure
- Increasing respiratory rate
- Decreasing respiratory volume
- Increasing capillary refill time
- Decreasing level of consciousness or orientation
- Changes in skin color or temperature
- Increasing anxiety or restlessness

Front 7

Reduced volume in the cardiovascular system.

Back 7

Hypovolemia

Front 8

Lower than normal blood pressure.

Back 8

Hypotension

Front 9

Inadequate perfusion of body tissues resulting in inadequate supplies of oxygen and nutrients to body tissue; also called shock.

Back 9

Hypoperfusion

Front 10

Basic Steps of Shock Trauma Resuscitation

Back 10

- Providing airway protection with endotracheal intubation or rapid sequence intubation
- Assuring adequate oxygenation and ventilations
- Providing rapid fluid resuscitation with isotonic solution
- Performing pleural decompression

Front 11

Key Elements for the Patient Care Report

Back 11

- Mechanism of injury
- Results of assessment
- Interventions
- Results of interventions