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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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One of 33 bones making up the vertebral column.
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Vertebra
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Short column of bone that forms the weight-bearing portion of a vertebra.
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Vertebral body
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Opening in vertebrae that accommodates the spinal cord.
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Spinal canal
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Thick, bony struts that connect the vertebral bodies with the transverse processes and hep make up the opening for the spinal canal.
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Pedicles
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Posterior bones of a vertebra that help make up the foramen, or opening, of the spinal canal.
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Laminae
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Bony outgrowth of the vertebral pedicle that serves as a site for muscle attachment and articulation with the ribs.
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Transverse process
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Prominence at the posterior part of a vertebra.
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Spinous process
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Cartilaginous pad between vertebrae that serves as a shock absorber.
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Intervertebral disk
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Division of the Vertebral Column
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- Cervical spine
- Thoracic spine - Lumbar spine - Sacral spine - Coccygeal spine |
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Central nervous system pathway responsible for transmitting sensory input form the body to the brain and for conducting motor impulses from the brain to the body muscles and organs.
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Spinal cord
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Deep crease along the ventral surface of the spinal cord that divides the cord into right and left halves.
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Anterior medial sulcus
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Areas in the central nervous system dominated by nerve cell bodies; central portion of the spinal cord.
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Gray matter
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Material that surrounds gray matter in the spinal cord; made up largely of axons.
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White matter
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Extension of a neuron that serves as a pathway of transmission of signals to and from the brain; major component of white matter.
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Axon
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Bundles of axons along the spinal cord that transmit signals from the body to the brain.
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Ascending tracts
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Bundles of axons along the spinal cord that transmit signals from the brain to the body.
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Descending tracts
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31 pairs of nerves that originate along the spinal cord from anterior and posterior nerve roots.
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Spinal nerves
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Topigraphical region of the body surface innervated by one nerve root.
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Dermatome
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Muscle and tissue of the body innervated by spinal nerve roots.
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Myotome
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Types of Primary and Secondary Spinal Cord Injuries
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- Concussion
- Contusion - Compression - Laceration - Hemorrhage - Transection |
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Signs and Symptoms of Spinal Injury
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- Paralysis of the extremities
- Pain with and without movement - Tenderness along the spine - Impaired breathing - Spinal deformity - Priapism - Posturing - Loss of bowel or bladder control - Nerve impairment to extremities |
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A cutting across a long axis; a cross-sectional cut.
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Transection
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Condition that is caused by bony fragments or pressure compressing the arteries of the anterior spinal cord and resulting in loss of motor function and sensation to pain, light touch, and temperature below the injury site.
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Anterior cord syndrome
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Condition usually related to hyperextension of the cervical spine that results in motor weakness, usually in the upper extremities and possible bladder dysfunction.
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Central cord syndrome
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Condition caused by partial cutting of one side of the spinal cord resulting in sensory and motor loss to that side of the body.
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Brown-Sequard syndrome
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Condition associated with the body's adjustment to the effects of neurogenic shock; presentations include sudden hypertension, bradycardia, pounding headache, blurred vision, and sweating and flushing of the skin above the point of injury.
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Autonomic hyperreflexia syndrome
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