Voice And Cranial Disorder Ch.2

Front 1

respiration is?

Back 1

Main muscles of diaphragm

Front 2

in which direction is the thoracic cavity increased so air can enter?

Back 2

Vertically

Front 3

In which direction do the intercostals expand ribcage?

Back 3

Horizontally

Front 4

Muscles are in ACTIVE movement for inspiration or expiration?

Back 4

INSPIRATION

Front 5

Muscles are PASSIVE MVMNT is on inspiration or expiration?

Back 5

Expiration

Front 6

NAME THE RESPIRATION CHAIN.

Back 6

Naso> Oro> pharyngeal> True VF> trachea> main stem bronchi> rt. & lft. Bifricate (2 branches)=bronchi> divide to secondary and teritiary bronchi> go into alveolar sacs.

Front 7

If not getting enough air to brain you may need a?

Back 7

tracheotomy. INTUBATED @ c-4 where the oro and naso are bipassed

Front 8

If you have a trachotomy it may result in what type of speech?

Back 8

BREATHY

Front 9

If you have breathy speech this may mean what?

Back 9

there is no pressure able to build underneath the glottis to make a voice

Front 10

Which lung is more at risk for aspiration? and why?

Back 10

Right LUNG because it is more in line with the BRONCHI

Front 11

True or false during quiet breathing the glottis is 13mm at broadest point and is essentially UNCHANGED?

Back 11

TRUE

Front 12

NAme the passive components

Back 12

El-gravis-ribun
lung elsaticity, gravity, visceral recoil- rib untorquing
these all REDUCE LUNG CAVITY SIZE during EXPIRATION= SPEECH (outward air flow)

Front 13

to produce speech is there muscle action required for breath power?

Back 13

NO muscle action is required to supply breath power + no HYPERACTIVITY.

Front 14

EXPIRATION is active or passive?

Back 14

EXPIRATION IS PASSIVE

Front 15

Respiratory tract function like a?

Back 15

BELLOWS

Front 16

in human respiration what is achieved by passive collapse of the thoracic size and not by active muscle contraction?

Back 16

EXPIRATION

Front 17

the most efficient and pleasing vocal quality is produced using?

Back 17

Mid air pressure levels and mid lung volume

Front 18

in regards to muscles of respiration what are the 3 major categories?

Back 18

1) muscles of rib cage
2) the diaphragm
3) muscles of abdominal wall

Front 19

muscles of the rib cage wall raise the rib cage and stiffen structure to optimize function of diaphragm for?

Back 19

INSPIRATION

Front 20

What is the principal muscle of INSPIRATION?

Back 20

DIAPHRAGM

Front 21

what term refers to the amount of air in the lungs at a given time and how much air is used for various purposes such as speech.

Back 21

LUNG VLUMES AND CAPACITIES

Front 22

Lung volumes include:

Back 22

tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume,residual volume

Front 23

Lung capacities include;

Back 23

inspiratory capacity, vital capacity, functional residual capacity, total lung capacity

Front 24

NAME FOR: the amount of air INSPIRED and EXPIRED during typical respiratory cycle

Back 24

(TV) tidal volume

Front 25

NAME FOR: MAXIMUM volume of air that can be inspired BEYOND the end of a tidal INSPIRATION

Back 25

(IRV) Inspiratory reserve volume

Front 26

Name for: MAXIMUM volume of air that can be EXPIRED beyond the end of a tidal EXPIRATION

Back 26

(ERV) Expiratory Reserve volume

Front 27

NAME for: the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum EXPIRATION

Back 27

(RV) Residual volume

Front 28

name for: MAXIMUM volume of air that can be INSPIRED
SUM OF TV and IRV

Back 28

(IC) Inspiratory capacity

Front 29

Name for: total amount of air that can be EXPIRED from the lungs and air passages following a maximum INSPIRATION
includes all lung volumes except RV

Back 29

VITAL CAPACITY ( VC)

Front 30

name for : the volume of air contained in the lungs and airways at the end of a RESTING tidal EXHALATION
ERV+RV

Back 30

Functional residual capacity (FRC)

Front 31

Name for: represents the total volume of air contained in the lungs and airways after a maximum INSPIRATION
sum of all four (TV+IRV+ERV+RV)

Back 31

Total LUng capacity (TLC)

Front 32

In normal speech breathing the timing of inspiration-expiration is slightly longer for expiration. TRUE OR FALSE

Back 32

TRUE

Front 33

name extrinsic laryngeal ELEVATORS

Back 33

digastirc, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, genioglossus, Geniohyoid, HYPOGLOSSUS, Thyropharyngeus

Front 34

Extrinsic Laryngeal muscle DEPRESSORS

Back 34

OMOHYOID, STRENOHYOID, STERNOTHYROID, THYROHYOID

Front 35

NAME 5 major LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES: important for voice production and airway protection

Back 35

Cricoid, Thyroid, paired arytenoids, epiglottis

Front 36

what is the space between the ventricular folds(false folds) and True vocal folds called?

Back 36

VENTRICULAR SPACE: RIMA GLOTTIDIS (GLOTTIS)

Front 37

there is an upper and lower portion to the fibroelastic membrane of the larynx. name the upper and lower

Back 37

Upper portion= quadrangular membrane\
LOWER portion= Conus elasticus

Front 38

Which is the lone ABDUCTOR MUSCLE

Back 38

Posterior cricoarytenoids (paired muscle)

Front 39

Name the 5 aspects of NORMAL VOICE

Back 39

Loudness, hygiene, pleasentness, flexibility, representation
(hylp FREP)

Front 40

sufficient range (soft v.s loud)?

Back 40

LOUDNESS

Front 41

Hygiene describes?

Back 41

Can you produce voice w/o causing stress= HYPERFUNCTION

Front 42

the ability to listen to a voice means the voice is?

Back 42

PLEASANT

Front 43

Range and intonational skills w/ stress (high+low) descibes?

Back 43

FLEXIBILITY

Front 44

Representation of voice means?

Back 44

The voice represents individual

Front 45

When speaking/talking VF will recoil to stationary position. TRUE OR FALSE?

Back 45

TRUE

Front 46

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES are used during EXPIRATION . TRUE OR FALSE

Back 46

TRUE

Front 47

TRUE OR FALSE the diaphragm is NOT used during INSPIRATION

Back 47

FALSE. The diaphragm is used during INSPIRATION

Front 48

The intercostals play a role in inspiration or expiration?

Back 48

INSPIRATION+ intercostals

Front 49

ABDOMINAL MUSCLES are used with inspiration or expiration

Back 49

EXPIRATION= ABDOMINAL MUSCLES

Front 50

Muscles of Respiration

Back 50

Muscles of ribcage
Muscles of diaphragm
muscles of abdominal wall

Front 51

name muscles of abdominal wall

Back 51

RECTUS ABDOMINUS
EXTERNAL&INTERNAL OBLIQUE
Transverse abdominus

Front 52

Which muscle opens VOCAL FOLDS

Back 52

Posterior cricoarytenoids

Front 53

ADULT LARYNX sits @ C ?

Back 53

C4-C6

Front 54

Child LArynx sits@C ?

Back 54

C1-C3

Front 55

Adult male VF are how long?

Back 55

44mm (1.7 inch)

Front 56

Adult Female VF are how long?

Back 56

36 mm (1.5inch)

Front 57

TRUE OR FALSE
for older women their pitch may drop/ ossify, become less flexible.

Back 57

TRUE

Front 58

Which muscles are the "strap muscles", elevate the larynx, give fixed support,

Back 58

INTRINSIC MUSCLES

Front 59

in the VF there are 5 layers of tissue that travel acrss the superior vf to lateral edge. called?

Back 59

MUCOSAL WAVE

Front 60

When VF approximate prssureis built where?

Back 60

BELOW THE VF

Front 61

Lower pitch means vf are?

Back 61

VF shorter and thicker= lower pitch

Front 62

If VF are thinner and tighter there is what type of pitch

Back 62

HIGHER pitch= VF thinner / tighter

Front 63

True or false
Resonance is affected all the way up ORO and pharyngeal cavity

Back 63

TRUE

Front 64

TRUE OR FALSE
As Frequency changes pitch changes?

Back 64

TRUE
Frequency change= Pitch change

Front 65

What are the PRIMARY biomechanical determinations?

Back 65

Length of VF
Tension
Mass

Front 66

Loudness and Intensity are affected by supraglottal or subglottal pressure?

Back 66

SUBGLOTTAL PRESSURE

Front 67

What is PERCEPTUAL?

Back 67

VOICE QUALITY = PERCEPTUAL (glottal source)

Front 68

due to airflow the vestibular cavity may affect?

Back 68

RESONANCE

Front 69

Hypernasality happens when?

Back 69

there is too much resonance (air) through naso= hypernasality

Front 70

Hyponasality happens when?

Back 70

there is not enough resonance (air) through naso

Front 71

what is the PITCH MECHANISM

Back 71

VF elongating / stretching

Front 72

If you want to increase loudness this occurs by?

Back 72

increasing SUBGLOTTAL PRESSURE

Front 73

Which muscle forms the muscular portion of vocal folds?

Back 73

Thyroarytenoids

Front 74

which muscle is made up of pars recta and pars oblique?

Back 74

Cricothyroid

Front 75

which muscle is unpaired

Back 75

Transverse arytenoid

Front 76

which muscle is the direct antagonist of the posterior cricoarytenoid?

Back 76

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Front 77

which theory is the most accurate model to explain the mechanics of phonation?

Back 77

myoelastic aerodynamics theory

Front 78

conversational speech is at what level of pitch range?

Back 78

lower level of pitch range= conversational speech

Front 79

which voice occupies the frequencies below the MODAL REGISTER

Back 79

GLOTTAL FRY

Front 80

length of VF, mass of VF, tension of VF all refer to?

Back 80

primary biomechanical determinations

Front 81

what contributes to changes in loudness?

Back 81

SUPRAglottal adjustments

Front 82

The vocal tract begins at level of?

Back 82

GLOTTIS

Front 83

what term is used to describe the larynx situated at the 5th cervical vertebra, creating a resonance chamber to FILTER and AMPLIFY acoustic signal

Back 83

MECHANISM OF RESONANCE

Front 84

What term describes the INTENSITY of the voice and is related to SUBglottal and TRANSglottal air pressure drops?

Back 84

LOUDNESS MECHANISM