Vocabulary: Mcat Purpose 7 -Ism, -Ology, Discipline

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Essentialism

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[philosophy] a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are, and that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery and expression

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Ideology

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[noun] a system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy
; the set of beliefs characteristic of a social group or individual

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Mysticism

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[noun] 1. belief that union with or absorption into the Deity or the absolute, or the spiritual apprehension of knowledge inaccessible to the intellect, may be attained through contemplation and self-surrender

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Determinism

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[noun] <philosophy> the doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes regarded as external to the will. Some philosophers have taken determinism to imply that individual human beings have no free will and cannot be held morally responsible for their actions.

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Fatalism

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[n] the belief that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable

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Evangelism

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[n] the spreading of the Christian gospel by public preaching or personal witness

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Schism

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[n] a split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief

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Descriptivism

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<Philosophy> the doctrine that the meanings of ethical or aesthetic terms and statements are purely descriptive rather than prescriptive, evaluative, or emotive

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Egalitarian

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[adj] believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities

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Theism

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[n] belief in the existence of a god or gods, specifically of a creator who intervenes in the universe

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Jurisprudence

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[n] the theory or philosophy of law

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Theology

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[n] the study of the nature of God and religious belief

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Philology

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[n] the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages

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Epistemology

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[n] <Philosophy> the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope, and the distinction between justified belief and opinion