After World War Ii

Front 1

Army-McCarthy Hearings

Back 1

1954 televised hearing convinced many that Senator Joseph McCarthy was unfairly tarnishing the U.S. Army with charges of communist infiltration

Front 2

Berlin Airlift

Back 2

after the Soviet Union blocked access to West Berlin, American and British pilots flew in food and fuel in late 1948 and early 1949

Front 3

Blacklist

Back 3

prevented persons accused of being communists from getting work in entertainment and other industries during the period of anti-communist fervor of the late 1940s and early 1950s

Front 4

Cold War

Back 4

period between 1945 and 1991 of near-continuous struggle between the U.S. and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies

Front 5

Containment Policy

Back 5

formulated by George Kennan, this was a policy whereby the U.S. would forcibly stop communist aggression whenever and wherever it occurred

Front 6

Battle of Dien Bien Phu

Back 6

1954 victory of Vietnamese forces over the French that caused the French to leave Vietnamese and all of Indochina

Front 7

Domino Theory

Back 7

major tenet of Cold War containment policy which held that if one country in a region turned communist, other surrounding countries would soon follow

Front 8

Eisenhower Doctrine

Back 8

1957 policy that promised military and economic aid to "friendly" nations in the Middle East

Front 9

Geneva Accords

Back 9

after the French were defeated in Vietnam, a series of agreements of 1954 temporarily divided Vietnam into two parts along the 17th parallel and posed nationwide elections in two years

Front 10

House Un-American Activities Committee

Back 10

beginning in 1947, this committee investigated possible communist infiltration of the entertainment industry and the government

Front 11

Hydrogen Bomb

Back 11

atomic weapons much more powerful than those used at Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Front 12

Iron Curtain

Back 12

in a March 5, 1946 speech in Fulton, Missouri, Winston Churchill used this term to describe the line that the Soviet Union had drawn between East and West in Europe

Front 13

Israel

Back 13

in 1948, this newly created state was immediately recognized by the U.S.

Front 14

George Kennan

Back 14

American diplomat and expert in Soviet affairs

Front 15

Korean War

Back 15

between 1950 and 1953, American and other United Nations forces fought to stop communist aggression against South Korea

Front 16

Loyalty Review Boards

Back 16

established in 1947 in an effort to control possible communist influence in the American government

Front 17

Marshall Plan

Back 17

announced in 1947, the U.S. agreed to help rebuild Europe after the war

Front 18

Massive Retaliation

Back 18

officials in the Eisenhower administration believed the best way to stop communism was to convince the communists that every time they advanced, there would be this against them

Front 19

McCarran Internal Security Act

Back 19

1950 congressional bill which stated that all members of the Communist party had to register with the office of the Attorney General

Front 20

McCarran-Walter Act

Back 20

1952 bill limited immigration from everywhere except Northern and Western Europe

Front 21

McCarthyism

Back 21

named after this Senator, this movement in American politics aimed to root out communist influence in the government, the military, and the entertainment industry

Front 22

Military-Industrial Complex

Back 22

refers to the close relationship that develops between government, the military, and industry

Front 23

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Back 23

alliance of the United States and most of the Western European nations founded in 1949

Front 24

Potsdam Conference

Back 24

July 1945 conference between the new president Truman, Stalin, and Clement Attlee

Front 25

Revisionist History

Back 25

historical interpretation not found in "standard" history books or supported by most historians

Front 26

Rio Pact

Back 26

1947 treaty signed by the U.S. and most Latin American countries which stated that the region would work together on economic and defense matters

Front 27

Satellite Countries

Back 27

Eastern European countries that remained under the control of the Soviet Union during the Cold War

Front 28

Smith Act

Back 28

also known as the Alien Registration Act of 1940, made it illegal to actively promote the overthrow the U.S. government

Front 29

Sputnik

Back 29

first man-made satellite, sent into space in 1957 by the Soviet Union

Front 30

Suez Canal Crisis

Back 30

relations between Nasser's Egypt and the West had soured when Nasser turned to the Soviet Union for arms

Front 31

Thirty-Eighth Parallel

Back 31

Dividing line between Soviet-supported North Korea and the U.S.-backed South Korea both before and as a result of the Korean War

Front 32

Truman Doctrine

Back 32

created in response to 1947 requests by Greece and Turkey for assistance against communist threats

Front 33

U-2

Back 33

reconnaissance aircraft shot down over the Soviet Union in May 1960

Front 34

Warsaw Pact

Back 34

in 1955, the Soviet Union created this defensive alliance with all of the loyal Eastern European satellite nations