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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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AMENDMENT
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Modifications or changes made for the better, such as amendments to the U.S. Constitution
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APPEALS
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Requests to a higher court to review or revise decisions made by the lower courts
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APPELLATE COURTS
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Referred to as higher courts of the judicial system; hear appeals from lower court
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ARREST
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Taking a person into custody in a case, and in the manner authorized by the law
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ARRAIGNMENT
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Legal procedure where the court informs defendants of the nature of the charges aginst them & of their constitutional rights to have counsel, to plead guilty or not, and to have a jury trial
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BAIL
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Security deposit with a competent court or magistrate to ensure that the accused person will appear for trial when summoned
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BILL OF RIGHTS
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The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
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COMPETENT COURT
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Any court, civil or criminal, having authority to handle a particular case.
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CONSTITUTION
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A written document that embodies the basic laws of a nation or state
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DUE PROCESS
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A course of legal proceedings according to the rules/principles established by gov't; basic rights of defendant in J.P. and requisite for fair trial
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GRAND JURY
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Citizens from w/in county who are sworn to receive complaints & accusations in criminal cases; responsible for determining if there is enough cause to believe person has committed a crime / stand trial
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INDICTMENT
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Accusation in writing formally charging a person w/ a crime or public offense
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MAGISTRATE
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Officer of the court having pwr to issue warrant for arrest
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PAROLE
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Conditional release from confinement. Allows to serve remainder of a sentence outside of prison
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PRELIMINARY HEARING
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Screening procedure used in felony cases. Determines if there is enough evidence to hold a defendant for trial
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PROBATION
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A sentencing option for a convict
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RIGHT TO BAIL
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Defendant's constitutional right to reasonable bail to permit unhampered prep of a defense before trial
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SENTENCING
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Judgement formally pronounced in court upon a defendant after conviction in a criminal trial
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TRIAL
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Formal judicial examination and determination of issues (law or fact) b/w parties
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TRIAL COURTS
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Lower courts; receive evidence & consider cases involving criminal or civil
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