Vocab For World Religions Test 2

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avidya

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fundamental ignorance that leads to all worlds problems

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anitya

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everything in the world is impermanent and the reason none of it can bring you happiness. fundamental distinction between hinduism and buddhism

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dependent arising

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everything comes into being in dependence upon causes and conditions

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anatman

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beings lack an enduring eself or soul

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arhat

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Buddha's Hinayana followers who had eradicated mental afflictions and transcended all attachment to mundane things

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mahayana

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ideal is the bodhisattva- one whose goal is awakening so that he/she can help others find happiness. much more communal. large raft.

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zen

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a school that develped in East Asia which emphasized meditation aimed at a non-conceptual, direct understanding of reality

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completion stage

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tarntric practice in which one visualizes oneself as being transformed into a buddha

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deity yoga

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the tantric practice of visualizing oneself as a buddha

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dharma

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buddhist doctrince and practice

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eightfold path

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4th of Noble Truths. 1) right views 2) right aspiration 3)right speech 4)right conduct 5)right livelihood 6)right effort 7)right mindfulness 8)right concentration

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five aggregates

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components of the psycho-physcial personality and the factors on the basis of which unawakened being impute the false notion of a "self" 1 form 2 feelings 3 discriminations 4 consciousness 5 compositional factors

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Generation stage

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tantric practice of visualizing a vivid image of a buddha in front of one self

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keyi

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matching concepts, a translation style adopted for early chinese versions of buddhist texts, which involved using indigenous Chinese terms for Sanskrit words

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Madhyamaka

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Middle Way School. one of the most influential systems of indian buddhism

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Pure Land

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A school of Buddhism popular in East Asia whos adherents strive for rebirth in the realm of Buddha Amitabha.

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Shakyamuni

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Sage of the Shakyas. An epithet of the historical buddha whos name was Siddhartha Gautama

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Shunyata

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Emptiness, the lack of inherent existence that characterizes all persons nad phenomena

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Skill in Means

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the abilty to adapt buddhist teachings and practices to the level of understanding of one's audience

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Sutra

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discourses attributed to the historical buddha

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tantra

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discourses attributed to the historical buddha, which appeared sometime artound the seventh century and that advocate principles involving visualizing oneself as a buddha

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yogacara

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yogic practice school. a system of indian buddhism whose main early exponents were the brothers Asanga and Vasubandhu

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Amaratasu Omikami

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Shinto. The Sun Goddess believed to be the divine progenitor of the imperial line

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Folk Shinto

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a term for popular practices connected with the kami

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Ise

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the most prominent shrine of shinto, dedicated to the sun goddess

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Kami

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the indigenous gods of Japan, often associated with particualr places. Natural elements,animals and ancestors

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Makoto no kokoro

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Heart of Truth. an attitude of reverance toward the natural world and pure moral character

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Sectarian Shinto

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Distinctive schools of Shinto thought and practice

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Shinto

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Way of the Gods. believed by many traditional Japanese to be the native religious tradition of Japan

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Shrine Shinto

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A form of Shinto that centers on ritual activities connected with shrines

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uchigami

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clan deity of Shintoism

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Cinnabar

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mercuric sulfide, believed by Daoist alchemists to be the key to an elixir of immortality

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Dao

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The Way. impersonal force that sustains all life and dictates patterns of growth and development

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Daodejing

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The Way and Virtue. a classic work of Daoism attributed to Laozi

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De

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the power or virtue of Dao, which enables it to influence the movements of natural systems

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Immortals

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Daoist sages and alchemists who have discovered the secrets to physical immortality

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Laozi

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the legendary founder of Daoism, said to have lived during the sixth century bc

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Philosophical Daoism

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a term coined by western scholars to designate the strand of Daoism represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi, which is concerned the nature and activities of Dao

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Pu

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The Uncarved Block. a metaphor for human beings in their natural state before society distorts their true nature through training and education

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qi

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vital energy or life force that sustains living beings

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religious daoism

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a term coined by western scholars to designate the strand of daoism tht was concerned primarily with the quest for immortality

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Wuwei

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Not acting. the attitude of the daoist sage which involves allowing events to happen naturally in accordance with the movements of the dao

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yang

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the actice and aggressive aspect of Dao

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yin

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the passive aspect of dao

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Zhuangzi

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one fo the most influential figures of early philsophical daoism

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Zuowang

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Sitting and Forgetting. a method of daoist meditation involving dropping off the accumulated training that interferes with understanding of Dao