Vocab Ch 22-29

Front 1

Arrhythmia

Back 1

Absence of heart rhythm

Front 2

Dysthymia

Back 2

Any disturbance or abnormality in heart rhythm

Front 3

Torsades de pointes

Back 3

A rare ventricular arrhythmia that is associated with long QT interval and can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and sudden death

Front 4

Vaughan Williams classification

Back 4

System most commonly used to classify antidysrhythmic drugs

Front 5

Anticoagulants

Back 5

Substances that prevent or delay coagulation of the blood

Front 6

Antifibrinolytic drugs

Back 6

Drugs that prevent the lysis of fibrin and in doing so promote clot formation

Front 7

Antiplatelet drugs

Back 7

Substances that prevent platelet plugs from forming

Front 8

Clot

Back 8

Insoluble solid elements of blood that have chemically separated from the liquid component of the blood

Front 9

Coagulation

Back 9

The process of blood clotting ,ultimately forming an insoluble fibrin clot

Front 10

Embolus

Back 10

A blood clot that has been dislodged from the wall of a blood vessel and is traveling throughout the bloodstream

Front 11

Thrombus

Back 11

Blood clot, an aggregation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors

Front 12

Thrombolytic drugs

Back 12

Drugs that dissolve thrombi by functioning similarly to tissue plasminogen activator

Front 13

Antilipemic drugs

Back 13

Drugs that reduce lipid levels

Front 14

Cholesterol

Back 14

Fat soluble steroid found in animal fats and distributed in the body

Front 15

Hypercholesterolemia

Back 15

Condition in which higher than normal amounts of cholesterol are present in the blood

Front 16

Lipoprotein

Back 16

A conjugated protein synthesized in the liver that contains varying amounts of triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids and protein

Front 17

Triglycerides

Back 17

Fatty acids + glycerol, principal lipids in blood,where they circulate bound to proteins forming HDL and LDL

Front 18

Hypertension

Back 18

a common often asymptomatic disorder in which systolic blood pressure persistently exceeds 150 mmHg or diastolic pressure exceeds 90 mmHg in patients over 60 years of age and 140 /90 for patients younger than 60 and those who have chronic kidney disease or diabetes

Front 19

Orthostatic hypotension

Back 19

A common adverse effect of adrenergic blocking drugs involving a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person changes position, especially when rising from a seated or horizontal position

Front 20

Secondary hypertension

Back 20

High blood pressure caused by another disease such as Renal, pulmonary , endocrine or vascular disease

Front 21

Essential hypertension

Back 21

Elevated systemic arterial pressure for which no cause can be found also called primary or idiopathic hypertension

Front 22

Angina pectoris

Back 22

Chest pain that occurs when the heart supply of blood carrying oxygen is insufficient to meet the demands of the heart

Front 23

Atherosclerosis

Back 23

A common form of arteriosclerosis involving deposits of fatty, cholesterol containing material within arterial walls

Front 24

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 24

Any one of the abnormal conditions that can affect the arteries of the heart and produce various pathologic effects, especially a reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to The myocardium

Front 25

Ischemia

Back 25

Damaged cells / tissue as the result of inadequate oxygen supply

Front 26

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Back 26

Necrosis of The myocardium following Interruption of blood supply it is almost always caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and is commonly called a heart attack

Front 27

Reflex tachycardia

Back 27

A rapid heartbeat caused by a variety of autonomic nervous system effects, such as blood pressure changes, fever, or emotional stress

Front 28

Chronotropic drugs

Back 28

Drugs that influence the rate of the heartbeat

Front 29

Dromotropic drugs

Back 29

Drugs that influence the conduction of electrical impulses within tissue

Front 30

Inotropic drugs

Back 30

Drugs that influence the force of muscular contractions, particularly contraction of the heart muscle

Front 31

Heart failure

Back 31

An abnormal condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to keep up with the body’s demand

Front 32

Aldosterone

Back 32

A mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and water balance

Front 33

Diuretics

Back 33

Drugs that promote the formation and excretion of urine

Front 34

Colloids

Back 34

Protein substances that increase the colloid oncotic pressure

Front 35

Crystalloids

Back 35

Substances in a solution that diffuse through a semi-permeable membrane

Front 36

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Back 36

That portion of the body fluid comprising the interstitial fluid and intravascular fluid

Front 37

Interstitial fluid a (ISF)

Back 37

The extracellular fluid that fills in the spaces between most of the cells of the body

Front 38

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

Back 38

The fluid located within cell membranes throughout most of the body. It contains dissolved solutes that are essential to maintaining electrolyte balance and healthy metabolism

Front 39

Isotonic

Back 39

Having the same concentration of solutes of another solution and hence exerting the same osmotic pressure as that solution, such as an isotonic saline solution that contains an amount of salt equal to that found in the intracellular and extracellular fluid