Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Geocentric Theory |
an astronomical theory which describes the universe as a Geocentric system, i.e., a system which puts the Earth in the center of the universe, and describes other objects from the point of view of the Earth |
|
|
Heliocentric Theory |
first championed by Nicolas Copernicus; the idea that the sun, not the Earth, was the center of our universe. After many years of debate, this overturned the geocentric theory, and is a foundational component of modern astronomy |
|
|
Scientific Revolution |
rapid advances in European scientific, mathematical, and political thought, based on a new philosophy of empiricism and a faith in progress that defined Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries |
|
|
Galileo |
Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars |
|
|
Scientific Method |
The modern scientific method, which breaks down experimentation into multiple steps to be completed in a specific order, was invented during this time. Ideas from the Scientific Method were used by most of the scientists and mathematicians of the day |
|
|
Old Science |
during this period that the word "science" gradually became more commonly used to refer to a type of pursuit of a type of knowledge, especially knowledge of nature |
|
|
New Science |
knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method and concerned with the physical world and its phenomena |
|
|
Enlightenment |
a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition |
|
|
Hobbes’ Social Contract |
the agreement by which individuals mutually transfer their natural right |
|
|
Hobbes’ View on Human Nature |
Hobbes believed that human beings naturally desire the power to live well and that they will never be satisfied with the power they have without acquiring more power |
|
|
John Locke |
an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism" |
|
|
Natural Rights |
rights that people have from the day they are born |
|
|
Voltaire |
a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state |
|
|
Montesquieu |
a French lawyer, man of letters, and political philosopher who lived during the Age of Enlightenment |
|
|
Jean Jacques Rousseau |
a Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century |
|
|
Rousseau’s Social Contract |
A Discourse on the Moral Effects of the Arts and Sciences (1750), also known as Discourse on the Sciences and Arts (French: Discours sur les sciences et les arts) and commonly referred to as The First Discourse, is an essay by Genevan philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau which argued that the arts and sciences corrupt human morality |
|
|
Beccaria |
an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, and politician, who is widely considered as the most talented jurist and one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment |
|
|
Mary Wollstonecraft Salons |
an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights |
|
|
Salons |
an assembly of guests in such a room, especially an assembly, common during the 17th and 18th centuries, consisting of the leaders in society, art, politics, etc |
|
|
Baroque Art |
a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce art |
|
|
Baroque Music |
a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce music. |
|
|
Classical Music |
serious or conventional music following long-established principles rather than a folk, jazz, or popular tradition |
