Vocab 24

Front 1

jospehn stalin

Back 1

Joseph Stalin, whose last name means “man of steel,”took control of the coun-try. Stalin focused on creating a model communist state.

Front 2

totalitarion

Back 2

characteristic of a political system in which the government exercises complete control over its citizens’ lives.

Front 3

benito mussolini

Back 3

Benito Mussolini was establishing a totalitarian regime in Italy, where unemployment and inflation produced bitter strikes, some of which were communist led.

Front 4

facism

Back 4

a political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a powerful dictator

Front 5

adolf hitler

Back 5

In Germany, Adolf Hitler had followed a path to power similar to Mussolini’s. At the end of World War I, Hitler had been a jobless soldier drifting around Germany. In 1919, he joined a struggling group called the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, better known as the Nazi Party. Despite its name, this party had no ties to socialism.

Front 6

nazism

Back 6

the political philosophy—based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militaristic expansionism—that Adolf Hitler put into practice in Germany from 1933 to 1945.

Front 7

francisco franco

Back 7

General Francisco Franco, rebelled against the Spanish republic. Revolts broke out all over Spain, and the Spanish Civil War began.

Front 8

neutralitiy acts

Back 8

a series of laws enacted in 1935 and 1936 to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war.

Front 9

nevile chamberland

Back 9

Hitler invited French premier douard Daladier and British prime minister Neville Chamberlain to meet with him in Munich. When they arrived, the f hrer declared that the annexation of the Sudetenland would be his “last territorial demand.

Front 10

windstin churhcill

Back 10

Winston Churchill, Chamberlain’s political rival in Great Britain. In Churchill’s view, by signing the Munich Agreement, Daladier and Chamberlain had adopted a shameful policy of appeasement or giving up principles to pacify an aggressor.

Front 11

appeasement

Back 11

the granting of concessions to a hostile power in order to keep the peace.

Front 12

nonagression act

Back 12

an agreement in which two nations promise not to go to war with each other

Front 13

charles de gaulle

Back 13

a French general named Charles de Gaulle fled to England, where he set up a govern ment in exile. De Gaulle proclaimed defiantly, “

Front 14

holocaust

Back 14

the systematic murder—or genocide—of Jews and other groups in Europe by the Nazis before and during World War II.

Front 15

kristinallachant

Back 15

“night of broken glass,” a name given to the night of November 9, 1938, when gangs of Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues in Germany.

Front 16

genocide

Back 16

the deliberate and systematic extermination of a particular racial, national, or religious group.

Front 17

ghetto

Back 17

a city neighborhood in which a certain minority group is pressured or forced to live.

Front 18

concentration camp

Back 18

n. a prison camp operated by Nazi Germany in which Jews and other groups considered to be enemies of Adolf Hitler were starved while doing slave labor or were murdered.

Front 19

axis powers

Back 19

the group of nations—including Germany, Italy, and Japan—that opposed the Allies in World War II.

Front 20

lend lease act

Back 20

a law, passed in 1941, that allowed the United States to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the Axis powers.

Front 21

atlantic charter

Back 21

a 1941 declaration of principles in which the United States and Great Britain set forth their goals in opposing the Axis powers.

Front 22

allies

Back 22

in World War I, the group of nations—originally consisting of Great Britain, France, and Russia and later joined by the United States, Italy, and others—that opposed the Central Powers. (p. 579). 2. in World War II, the group of nations— including Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States— that opposed the Axis powers.

Front 23

hideojo

Back 23

Japan was already in control of Manchuria. In July 1937, Hideki Tojo

Front 24

d

Back 24

d