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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 categories of safety considerations
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hazards of waste anesthetic gas
handling compressed gas cylinders potent injectable drugs |
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Short term effects of waste anesthetic gas
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brain neurons effected
fatigue, headache, drowsiness, nausea, depression, irritability |
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Long term effects of waste anesthetic gas
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reproductive disorders, liver & kidney damage, bone marrow abnormalities, chronic nervous system dysfunction
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Ways to reduce waste gas exposure
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scavenging system
testing equipment for leaks use techniques & procedures that minimize exposure |
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Define passive scavenging system
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uses positive pressue of gas in anesthetic machine to push gas into scavenger
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Define active scavenging system
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uses suction created by vacuum pump or fan to draw gas into scavenger
most efficient |
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2 types of passive scavenging systems
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waste gas discharged outdorrs through a hole in the wall
end of transfer hose placed adjacent to room ventilation exhaust or nonrecirculating air conditioning system |
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Problems that may occur with scavenging system
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excessive negative pressure breathing circuit causes collapse of reservoir bag
obstruction may occur causing excessive pressure |
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Problems resulting in waste gas leakage
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connections for nitrous oxide gas lines not tightly secured
seals joining nitrous oxide tanks to machine are missing, torn, or out of position covering over unidirectional valve not tightly closed CO2 absorber not securely sealed connection between pop-off valve and scavenger is not airtight holes or insecure placement in hoses, reservoir bag, ET tube vaporizer cap not replaced after vaporizer was filled |
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High pressure leaks
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leaks in nitrous oxide of O2 supply
arise between gas tanks and flowmeter, pressure 50psi + |
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Low pressure leaks
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gas escapes from anes machine
parts do not fit together properly or develop hole 15psi |
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Anesthetic thought to be least toxic to hospital personell is:
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isoflurane
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NIOSH recommends that levels of anesthetic gas should not exceed:
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2 ppm
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The odor of halothane may be detected by a person when levels reach a minimum of:
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33 ppm
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It is recommended that for a passive scavenger system, the hose be no longer than ____ if it discharges into the room ventilation exhaust
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10 feet
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How often should a test for low-pressure leaks be conducted?
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each time the machine is used
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Rooms in which waste gases are at risk of being released should a have a minimum of ___ air changes per hour
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15
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High pressure system tests (nitrous oxide)
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1) Place solution of water & dishwashing liquid on tank's connections & joints. Observe for bubble formation
2) Note reading on tank pressure gauge. Mantain pressure in system & check gauge in 1 hour. Leak present if there's a change. |
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Low-pressure system test: circle systems
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Secure all connections (close pop-off valve & Y piece) Squeese bag after it's filled. If air escapes there's a leak
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Low-pressure system tests: nonrebreathing systems
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Attach apparatus to inspiratory hose, closing pop-off valve and patient port. Introduce O2, reservoir bag fills. Turn off flowmeter after pressure gauge reads 20cm H2O. Observe pressure for 20 seconds. A signficant decrease in pressure indicates leak
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Ways to minimize waste gas release
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avoid using masks
use cuffed ET tubes use closed rebreathing systems vaporizer should be on only when patient is connected do not release contents of reservoir bag into room air ensure adequate ventilation have machines served annualy discard damaged hoses, bags, ET tubes wash parts after procedures careful with filling vaporizer empty anesthetic bottles b4 discarding them |
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passive dosimeters
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detect anesthetic gases
worn by personell and returned to supplier for analysis |
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injectable drugs of most concern
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etorphine (Immobilon, M99)
carfentanil (Wildnil) |
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precautions with injectable drugs
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do not handle without training
never work alone wear gloves reversal agent ready properly dispose of syringes |
