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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the regions of the pelvic limb?
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Pelvis, Thigh (femur), Crus (tibia/fibia), Pes
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What are the joints in the pelvic limb?
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Coxofemoral (hip) joint, stifle joint, tarsocrural joint, tarsal, tarsometatarsal joint
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What is a joint?
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Junction between 2 or bones bones or cartilage. They prevent, allow or limit motion.
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What are the characteristics of a Fibrous joint?
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also called Syndesmosis
Immobile, very strong Example: sutures of skull |
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What are the characteristics of a cartilaginous joint?
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also called Synchondrosis
Limits movement, very strong Can be hyaline (usually temporary) or fibrocartilaginous (may be temporary) |
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What are the characteristics of a synovial joint?
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The true joint
Very mobile Has a joint cavity, capsule, synovial fluid and articular cartilage |
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What are the characteristics of a joint capsule?
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2 Layers: outer fibrous layer and inner synovial membrane (produces fluid)
Membrane layer contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves; these cover all structures in the joint except the articular cartilage |
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What is the function of synovial fluid?
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Lubricates surface, transports nutrients and waste products
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What is articular cartilage?
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Covers the contact surface, shock absorber, vary in thickness, most commonly a hyaline cartilage
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What are the factors contributing to stability?
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Congruity of contact surfaces, joint capsule, ligaments menisci, and muscles
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What is the price of mobility?
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Stability
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What is congruity?
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The fitting together of bones; the elbow has very good congruity and few ligament vs the stifle which has poor congruity and many ligaments
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Where is the fibrous area the thickest in the joint capsule?
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the area of the least movement
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What are ligaments?
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Bands of collagenous tissues uniting 2 or more bones
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What is a meniscus?
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A cartilagenous plate between articular surface. Increases congruity.
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What are the lymph nodes within the pelvic limb?
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Popliteal, ischiatic (CAT ONLY), superficial inguinal
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Where is the popliteal lymph node and what does it drain?
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Caudal to the stifle joint; drains distal pelvic limb. Efferent to medial iliac ln or ischiatic ln
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Where is the Ischiatic ln and what does it drain?
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Along the caudal gluteal vessels. Drains thighs, anal region, popliteal, efferent to ln of pelvic cavity
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Where is the superficial inguinal lymph node and where does it drain?
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Dorsolateral to penis or mammae, near pectin m. Drains ventral abdomen, medial prox. pelvic limb and and vulva, clitoris, scrotum and penis
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What are the parts of the quadriceps femoris?
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Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
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What are the parts of the sartorius?
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Cranial and caudal
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What is the difference between the cat and dog sartorius?
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The cat sartorius is not divided into cranial and caudal parts
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Where is the joint capsule the thickest?
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Regions of least movement; where movement is trying to be inhibited
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What are the sesamoid bones of the pelvic limb and what muscles are they associated with?
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1. Popliteal - Popliteal m.
2. Patella - Quadraceps femoris 3. Medial and lateral fabellae - Medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius 4. Sesamoid bone of the interosseus m. 5. Proximal Dorsal Sesamoid bone |
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What is the chief purpose of the the patella?
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Redirection of the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps femoris m.
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Where do the lateral and medial menisci attach?
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Cranial and caudal intercondylar areas
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How do the lateral meniscus and medial meniscus differ?
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The caudal aspect of the lateral meniscus attaches to the intercondylar fossa by means of the meniscofemoral ligament
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How are the cruciate ligaments named?
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Where they attach on the tibia
Cranial Cruciate Ligament: cranial aspect of tibia |
