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87 Cards in this Set
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Control |
Biosecurity Wildlife Contaminated Water, Soil, Wildlife
Environment Stagnant Water Chlorination Rodent Control Vaccination Injection Gilts 5 and 2 Weeks Pre Breeding Vaccination Injection Polyvalent Bacterins (Parvo, Lepto, Erysipelas) Partial Protection Serotype Specific Vaccination Injection PRIOR to Infection Kidney Immune Priviledged tf CANNOT Clear Vaccination Injection Sows Pre Breeding (Lactation) |
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Diagnosis |
Immuno Histo Chemistry Antigen Identification Leptospires
PCR Antigen Genes Serology (Microscopic Agglutination) Herd Screening Difficult (Cross Reactions) Fetal Serum Best Special Stains (Silver) Antigen Identification Leptospires |
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Epidemiology |
Access Wildlife Stagnant Water
Persistence Moisture Warmth (10 to 34) Best = 28 Susceptible Desiccation Transmission Horizontal Direct Contact Urine, Placental Fluids, Milk Transmission Horizontal Environment Contaminated Water, Soil, Wildlife Transmission Vertical Venereal Transplacental |
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Pathogenesis |
Clearance via Rapid Agglutinating AB Response
Immunological Priviledged Sites Kidneys Reproductive Organs Penetrates Mucousmembranes Ocular, Nasal, Vaginal Brief Bactermia Persistance Kidneys Weeks to Years (rare) Leptospiruria |
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Significance |
Geography Regional Serovars Maintenance Hosts
Zoonotic |
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Leptospirosis All Forms
Treatment |
Antimicrobial Feed High Doses 3 to 5 Days Eliminate Pamona from Kidney Oxytetracycline
Antimicrobial Parenteral Streptomycin |
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Leptospirosis Incidental
Agent |
Leptospirosis interrogans Serovar Various
Canicola, Grippohyphosa Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagica |
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Leptospirosis Incidental
Clinical Signs |
Petechial Hemorrhage Piglet
Septicemia / Bacteremia Anorexia, Pyrexia, Lethargy |
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Leptospirosis Incidental
Diagnosis |
Petechial Hemorrhage Renal Hepatic
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Leptospirosis Incidental
Epidemiology |
Acute Pathogenicity High
Antibody Response High Diagnosis Easier Mobidity Low Persistence Kidney is Short |
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Leptospirosis Maintenance
Agent |
Leptospirosis interrogans Serovar Bratislava
Leptospirosis interrogans Serovar Pomona |
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Leptospirosis Maintenance
Clinical Signs |
Abortion Storm Pamona Still Born, Weak MUMMIES NIET
Infertility Bratislava |
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Leptospirosis Maintenance
Diagnosis |
Edema Fetus
Liver Necrosis Focal Fetus Pathognomic (Less Common) Nephritis Interstitial Scattered Small Grey Foci Petechial Hemorrhage Fetus |
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Leptospirosis Maintenance
Epidemiology |
Antibody Response Low Diagnosis Difficult
Bratislava Infertility Chronic Disease Persistent Kidney Genital Tract Pomana Abortion Storm MUMMIES NIET |
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Leptospirosis Maintenance
Pathogenesis |
Persistance Genital Tract
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Porcine Parvovirus
Agent |
Porcine Parvovirus
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Porcine Parvovirus
Clinical Signs |
Embryonic Death Gestation Days 1 to 30
Fail to Farrow Infertility Naïve Pregnant Females Infertility Naïve Pregnant Females Mummification Gestation Days 30 to 70 Return to Estrus Infertility Naïve Pregnant Females Small Litter Size Embryonic Death Mummies Subclinical Pre Pubertal Pigs |
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Porcine Parvovirus
Control |
Vaccination Injection Boars Twice Annually
Vaccination Injection Gilts 5 and 2 Weeks Pre Breeding Vaccination Injection Killed Vaccines Many Multivalent Available Vaccination Injection PRIOR to Conception AFTER Maternal AB Decay Vaccination Injection Sows 2 Weeks Pre Breeding |
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Porcine Parvovirus
Diagnosis |
Fluorescent Antibody Test Antigen Mummies or Lung (<17 cm)
Mummification Crown Rump Less than 17 cm Mummies Multi Size PCR = Best Antigen Genes Mummies or Lung (<17 cm) Serology (Hemagluttin Inhibition) Herd Screening Exposure or Maternal AB Decay, Vaccination = < 1000, Natural Infection = > 1000 |
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Porcine Parvovirus
Epidemiology |
Disease Absence Post Neonates
Passive Immunity Interferes Active Immunity Development Sows Immune via Natural Infection Generally Ubiquitous Weeks 12 to 24 Passive Immunity High |
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Porcine Parvovirus
Etiology |
Agglutination Erythrocytes
Boars Acute Shedding Semen, Other Excretions Persistence Environment 4 Months Resistant Heat Disinfectants |
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Porcine Parvovirus
Pathogenesis |
Endothelial Trophism Vascular Necrosis
Fetal Trophism Replicates in Cells Undergoing Mitosis Immunocomptence Halts Fetal Death Day 70 Crown Rump 17 cm Sequential Spread In Utero Mummies Multi Size |
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Porcine Parvovirus Significance
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SMEDI (Still Birth, Mummification, Embryonic Death, Infertility)
Economically Significant |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Agent |
PRRS Virus
Ateriveidae Related to Equine Arteritis Virus EAV |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Diagnosis |
PNEUMONIA INTERSTITIAL NON SUPPURATIVE Non Specific
VASCULITIS Systemic Non Specific LYMPHADENOPATHY Non Specific PCR Lung, LN, Tonsil Virus Detection IHC Lung, LN, Tonsil Virus Detection SEQUENCING Lung, LN, Tonsil Genomic Analysis RFLP Lung, LN, Tonsil Genomic Analysis SEROLOGY IgG, IgM, SN (Serum Neutrolizing) Antibody Detection |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Diagnosis Serology |
ELISA - IgG Semi
Quantitiative IFA (Indirect Fluorescent AB) - IgG or IgM Quantitiative (Confirm Suspicious ELISA) SN (Serum Neutralization) Quantitiative for Functional AB |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Diagnosis Virus Presence |
Blood Appears 24 to 48 Hours PI
Blood Disappears Adults 14 to 21 Days PI, Juviniles 21 to 28 Days PI Tissue Appears 24 to 48 Hours PI Tissue Disappears Lung 10 to 14 Days PI, Tonsils 100 to 150 Days PI Semen Appears 3 to 5+ Days PI Semen Disappears 10 to 35 Days PI |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Diagnosis Antibody Response |
IgM (IFA) Appears 5 Days PI
IgM (IFA) Disappears 14 Days PI IgG (ELISA) Appears 10 to 14 Days PI IgG (ELISA) Disappears 4 ot 6 Months PI IgG (IFA) Appears 7 to 10 Days PI IgG (IFA) Disappears 6 Months+ PI SN Appears 28 to 42+ Days PI SN Disappears >>>> 6 Months |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Epidemiology |
Infectivity High Infective Dose Low
Contagiousness Low Slow Spread Carriers Persistent State 200 Days Cross Protection NOT 100% Heterologous Strains Subclinical Endemic Infection Western Can Most Common Environment Poor Survival Lower Temp = Longer Susceptable Drying Detergents, Disinfectants Transmission Vertical Semen Transplacental Transmission Horizontal Within Herd naïve Nursery via ↓ Mat AB Between Herds INFECTED Replacements Transmission Fomites Mechanical Vectors Inscect Vectors Transmission Aerosol Hog Dense Regions Airborne SHORT Distances |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Etiology |
RNA Virus Enveloped Unstable
Strain Variation Genome Plasticity Virulence Highly Variable Antigenic and Genetic Distinction European Strain (Lelystad) NA Strain VR2332 Asymtomatic Persistent Infections Severe Disease Fatal Possible Replication Macrophages Immunity Compromised |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Pathogenesis |
Infection Tonsil URT
Replication LYMPHOID TISSUES VIREMIA PERSISTENT Latent NIET MACROPHAGES Trophism Pulmonary Alveolar (PAM) and Pulmonary Interstitial (PIM) PNEUMONIA Interstitial Susceptability to 2˚ Pathogens PLACENTA BREACHED Late Gestation 72 Days Plus |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
Reproductive Disease Clinical Signs |
Death Sows Virulent Strains
Anorexia 1 to 5 Days Post Infection Fever 1 to 5 Days Post Infection TRANSPLACENTAL INFECTION 3rd Trimester INFERTILITY 4 Months Post Infection PREMATURE FARROWING < 110 Days Fetus (Big, Brown, Squishy, Rubbery) NEAR TERM AUTOLYSED WEAK PIGLETS Congenitally Infected Persistent Viremia SCOURS Neonatal Non Responsive Death Piglets (25 to 50%) PRE-WEANING MORTALITY ELEVATED |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
Reproductive Disease Stage |
Adult Reproductive Disease
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
Respiratory Disease Clinical Signs |
DYSPNEA Thumping Typical
CYANOSIS Extremities Vasculitis Systemic (Blue Ear Dz) COUGH MINIMAL Pure PRRSV Secondary Infection Main Cause IMMUNOSUPPRESION Seconday Mixed Infections |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
Respiratory Disease Stage |
Nursery Respiratory Disease Horizontal Transmission
Grower Respiratory Disease Horizontal Transmission Suckling Respiratory Disease Vertical Transmission |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Significance |
The BIG DADDY Of All Pig Diseases
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Breeding Herd Stabilization |
STERILIZING IMMUNITY STOP ONGOING VERTICAL TRANSMISSION
Gilt Acclimation Build Immunity Mass Esposure Vaccination or Serum Inoculation Implement McRebel Weaning Off Site Prevent Reinfection |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control McRebel |
Management
Changes to Reduce Exposure to Bacteria to Eliminate Losses from PRRS |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control McRebel Procedures |
Cross Fostering - Stop for Resizing, Saving, Fall Behinds, Runts
Cross Fostering - Only to Resize Litter < 24 Hours ONLY Movement Only Within Rooms AT BIRTH Nurse Sows for Poor Doers NIET NIET NIET Minimize Handling Especially Routine AM or Iron Evaluate Effect on Clinical Disease Non Essential Tx and Processing of Suckling and Nursery Pigs Euthanize Immediately Sick Piglets - NO MERCY Hold Backs NIET NIET NIET Feed Back CEASE and DESIST AIAO ALWAYS 2 to 3 Days Clean Up and Disinfection AIAO ALWAYS Move Big Piglets into Nursery Early |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Vaccination Injection |
ATTENUATED LIVE (2 Strains Available) (PRRS-MLV; BIVM)
Does NOT Provide 100% Cross Protection Heterologous Strains tf Serum Inoculation KILLED INEFFECTIVE (NA) SHEDDING - NAÏVE Animals Dr. Hardings Infammy Not Liscenced Boars or Pregnant Sows Vertical Transmission 2nd 1/2 Gestation |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Vaccination Injection Timing |
Breeding Herd (Reproductive Dz) Gilts Prior to Breeding
Breeding Herd (Reproductive Dz) Sows During Lactation Progeny (Respiratory Disease) Post Passive AB Decay - Nursery if Required |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Serum Innoculation |
STERILIZING IMMUNITY HOMOLOGOUS Farm Strain
RISKY RISKY RISKY Live Virulent PRRSV Contamination Bacterial, Viral Excessive Titre Oops Sow Mortality Malpractice Insurance Top Up Infect All Animals and LET IT RIDE Natural Spread TOO SLOW |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Serum Innoculation Process |
REMOVE Nursery, Grower, Finisher Pigs Off Site Weaning, Sell or Ship
CLOSE HERD No Incoming Gilts or Boars COLLECT BLOOD (Inoculum) VIREMIC But HEALTHY Piglets FREEZE (-80) or LIQUID NITROGEN Separtated Serum CONFIRM PRRS Status and CONCENTRATION INOCULATE ALL ADULTS (Gilts, Sows, Boars) Dilute in PBS WAIT and SANITATE 4 to 6 Months TEST (PCR) Pigs at WEANING RESTOCK Nursery, Grower, Finisher OPEN HERD Sentinals |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Re-Infection Risk |
Piglets NON VIREMIC and Healthy AT BIRTH If Successful Breeding Herd Stabilization
Passive Immunity Prevents Transmission Lactation, Early Post Weaning PIGS are FULLY SUSCEPTABLE via Maternal AB Decay (Late Nursery, Grower) tf DO NOT LET Dr. Harding ON FARM |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Re-Infection Prevention Naïve Farms |
QUARANTINE and TESTING Live Animals
SEMEN TEST DISINFECTION Incoming SUPPLIES (aka Fomites( DESICCATION Overnight Drying MLV VACCINE (aka Dr. Harding) NIET NIET NIET SAFE LOCATION Away from Infected Farms BIOSECURE Transportation Protocols |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control Boar Studs |
SPORADIC SHEDDING SEMEN Weeks to Months Post Infection
Source NEGATIVE PPRS Farms ELISA Serology Quarantine and Resident Boars Detection TOO SLOW = 2 Weeks Shedding PCR Semen 72 Hours Max to Detection PCR BLOOD = BEST 24 Hours Max to Detection |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Control North American Regional Erradication |
EASILY ELIMINATED From Infected Farms
HARD TO KEEP OUT Naïve Farms BIOSECURITY Its ALL ABOUT |
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PRRS Porcine Reporductive & Respiratory Syndrome
All Forms Treatment |
Supportive Care Anti-inflammatories Dexamon
Supportive Care Anti-inflammatories Preda (Licensed) Supportive Care Anti-inflammatories Acetominphen (Liscensed) Secondary Infections Parenteral Medication Mass Medication |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Agent |
Porcine Circo Virus Circoviridae PCV2 (a or b) PATHOGENIC
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Epidemiology |
UBIQUITOUS Virtually All Herds Infected Few Herds Have Dz
RESISTANT and STABLE Non Enveloped SUSCEPTIBLE ONLY Virkon, Synergize Transmission EARLY IN LIFE Oral, Respiratory SIMPLE INFECTION (PCV2 Alone) SUBCLINICAL DZ COFACTORS to ENHANCE PCV2 REPLICATION Required for OVERT DZ CO-INFECTIONS KNOWN Known PRRS, MH, SIV, PPV Unknown AGENT X …. CO-FACTORS Management, Genetics Vaccination, Semen |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Etiology |
DISCRETE CLUSTERS of PCV2 2a, 2b (Nucleic Acid Homology)
Significance and Virulence Unknown |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Significance |
PCV1 NON PATHOGENIC
PCV2 Number 2 Reproductive, Respiratory, Enteric Dz |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Endemic Epidemiology |
Mortality Sporadic
Nursery, Grower, Finisher Most Common |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Clinical Signs |
Variable Most Are Evident OVER TIME
DEATH ELEVATED WEIGHT LOSS Weight Gain Impaired Emaciation PALE Anemia Diarrhea Grower Finisher DYSPNEA Tachycardia LYMPHADENOPATHY Enlarged Lymph Nodes Subinguinal, Mesenteric SKIN ABNORMALITIES Jaundice Endstage Liver JAUNDICE Liver End Stage INFERTILITY New Populations First 15 Months SMEDI (Still Birth, Mummification, Embryonic Death, Infertility) MYOCARDITIS NECROTIZING (PCV2 AG) Non Suppurative Fetal, Stillbornes |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Differentials |
PRRS Virus
PPV |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Epidemiology |
Mortality High (25 to 30%)
Case Fatality (50 to 80%) |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Infertility Pathogenesis |
TRANSPLACENTAL INFECTION Uncommon
GESTATION STAGE 6 Days = Degeneration, 57 Days = Mummified, 75 Days = Stillborne, 92 Days = Normal |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Pathogenesis Post Natal Infection |
ACCUMULATES and Hides Out DENDRITIC CELLS
Immune TOLERANCE NON STERILIZING IgM (Briefly) and IgA Response Inate Immunity IMPAIRED via Decreased Interferon Production PLASMACYTOID Dendritic Cell INTERFERENCE Adaptive Immunity (CELL MEDIATED and HUMORAL) Response IMPAIRED MYELOID Dentritic Cell Mediation IMPEDED ENHANCED CO-INFECTIONS (PRRS, Mycoplasma, SIV) via Multicentric Impairment of Innate and Adaptive Immune Response REPLICATION in Response to IMMUNE STIMULATION (Concurrent Infection, Adjuvants) Increases Viral Levels in Tissue POSITIVE CORRELATION Clinical Dz and Viral Load Clinical and Pathological Outcome DEPENDENT SITE of CO-INFECTIONS, VIRAL LOAD MULT-SYSTEMIC Lymphoid and Parenchymal Tissues SITE SPECIFIC Respiratory, Enteric, Reproductive, etc |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Pathogenesis Subclinical Infection |
Systemic and / or Systemic
LYMPHOID Tissue Distribution Follwed by CLEARANCE |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Pathogenesis Co-Infections |
Respiratory or GI
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Swine Influenza Virus, PRRS |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Epizootic Pathogenesis Systemic Dz |
ADJUVANT INDUCED IMMUNE STIMULATION
PPV, PRRS or Agent X |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Post Weaning Multiseystemic Wasting Syndrome Diagnosis Pathology |
LYMPHADENOPATHY 3 to 4 X Sites of CO-INFECTION
GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION Initially Lymphohistiocytic Infiltration LYMPHOID DEPLETION (B Cell Follicles) Spleen, LN Liver SINGLE CELL NECROSIS, OBLITERATION (Hepatocyte), Atrophy Lungs INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA (Non Specific) Patchy =/- HYPERINFLATION Kidney Interstitial Nephritis, Enlarged, WHITE FOCI in Cortex (DDx Lepto) Thymus ATROPHY |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Porcine CircoVirus Associated Disease (PCVAD) Diagnosis Case Definition |
Multisystemic Dz with Weight Loss (PMWS)
Mortality Twice Historical Respiratory Signs Pneumonia Porcine Dematitis Nephropathy Syndrome Enteric Signs Diarrhea and Weight Loss Reproductive Disease SMEDI |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
Porcine CircoVirus Associated Disease (PCVAD) Diagnosis Histopathology |
Depletion of Lymphoid Cells Growing Pig Lymphoid Tissue
Granulomatous Inflammation Dissemintaed in One or More Tissues Intra Lesional PCV2 via IHC Growing Pig Intra Lesional PCV2 via IHC Fetal Myocarditis Lesions Intracytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies Basophilic |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Diagnosis |
PCR NIET
Samples Multiple Pigs (There Will be Lots of Sick Ones to Kill) Multiple Tissues Lymphiod - Multiple LN, Thymus, Spleen Parenchymal - Liver, Kidney, Lung, Pancreas, SI (Peyer's Patch) Vertical Rule Out Still Born (No Suckling = No Mat AB) |
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PCVD Porcine Corcovirus Diseases
All Forms Control |
PCV2 REPLICATION Identify and Eliminate ENHANCING FACTORS Environmental and Management
CONCURRENT DZ PPV, PRRS, MH, SIV Control It IMMUNE STIMULATION Adjuvants, Oil Based Vaccines Reduce MANAGEMENT AIAO ALWAYS, Less Mixing, Proper Stocking Density Sanitation, Environment, Air Vaccination Injection CircoFLEX PCV2 Capsid 3 Weeks Onwards Vaccination Injection Suvaxyn PCV2 Inactivated PCV2-1 Chimera 4 Weeks Onwards Vaccination Injection Circumvent PCV2 Capsid Protein 3 Weeks Onwards Vaccination Injection Circovac Inactivated PCV2 Sows and Gilts 5 and 2 Weeks Pre Breeding, 3 to 4 Weeks Post Farrowing |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Agent |
Porcine Cytomegalovirus Herpes Group Species Specific
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Etiology |
CYTOMEGALY
INTRA-NUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES BASOPHILIC SYSTEMIC Virus Respiratory, Lacrymal Glands, Salivary Glands Renal Tubular Epithelium, Reproductive Tracts (Male and Female) |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Epidemiology |
Endemic Most Herds Economic Impact Low
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT Infection Most Common Younger Pigs SEVERE GENERALIZED Dz NAÏVE HERD RARE Piglets and Adults Transplacental - Fetal and Neonatal Dz LATENT Typical Herpes |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Clinical Signs |
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT Infection
YOUNG PIGLETS SNEEZING Most Predominant NOT Pathognomic Weeks 1 to 6 Usually Nasal Discharge Conjunctivitis EPISTAXIS NIET |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Diagnosis Pathology |
EXUDATIVE (CATARRHAL) RHINITIS Severe
TURBINATE ATROPHY NIET SNEEZING WITHOUT EPISTAXIS WITHOUT TURBINATE ATROPHY INTRA NUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES Serology NIET |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Differentials |
Atrophic Rhinitis
Foreign Bodies Opportunistic Invasion Streptococcus suis Haemophilus parasuis |
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PCMV-IBR Porcine CytoMegaloVirus
Treatment |
Supportive Care
Uncommon |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
NPAR Non Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis Agent |
Bordetella bronchiseptica
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Agent |
Pasturella multocida
Toxogenic Types A and D +/- Other Agents (Bordetella, PCMV) that ENHANCE COLONIZATION |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
NPAR Non Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis Epidemiology |
WIDESPREAD
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Epidemiology |
WIDESPREAD
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Epidemiology |
TOXIGENIC Pasturella Multocida
Limited to Herds with PAR ABSENT (Typically) HIGH HEALTH HERDS May Present and Subclincal in OLD Farms (ie no depopulation) |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
All Forms Epidemiology |
HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION
Sow to Piglet via Suckling Pig to Pig Nurserues Infection EARLY IN LIFE Week 1 to 8 Generally |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
NPAR Non Progressive Atrophic Rhinitis Clinical Signs |
SNEEZING Sniffling Piglets
Weeks 3 to 4 May be as Young as Week 1 NASAL DISCHARGE Catarrhal Rinitis Serous or Mucopurulent |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Clinical Signs |
SNEEZING EXPLOSIVE
Naïve Herds EPISTAXIS Pathognomic If Herd Basis (Even Sporadic) LACRIMATION Tearing Dark Lines Ventral to Eyes FACIAL DEFORMITIES Twisted, Shortened, Deviated WEIGTH GAIN IMPAIRMENT Metabolic Impairment via Toxigenic Pasteurella Multocida (Liver Dz) Feed Intake Reduced via Deformities |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Pathogenesis |
TOXIGENIC Pasturella Multocida
Infection Required TOXIGENIC Pasturella Multocida ALONE NON AGGRESSIVE PRE-EXISTING DAMAGE To Nasal Mucosa (Mixed Infections Bordetella, IBR, or NH3 etc) Usually Required to ASSIST COLONIZATION DERMONECROTIC TOXIN via Toxigenic Pastuerella multocida Osteogenesis Reduced Osteolysis Increased PERMENENT Turbinate Destruction |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Diagnosis |
FACIAL DEFORMITIES EPISTAXIS PATHOGNOMIC on Herd Basis
Sneezing NOT Pathognomic MUST be Evident TURBINATE ATROPHY Slaughter Culture Toxigenic Pasteurella multocida ELISA DERMONECROTIC TOXIN |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis
Diagnosis Slaughter Check |
Snout Lesion Scores
Ventral Meatus Probe Depth Average Score >1 Suggestive Individual Score > 3.5 Suggestive Seasonal Variablility Considered Variablility |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis
Diagnosis Snout Lesion Scores |
0 = 3 to 6 mm
1 = 7 to 9 mm 2 = 10 to 12 mm 3 = 13 to 16 mm 4 = 17 to 20 mm 5 = 21 + mm Bonus Points (0.5) Septal Deviation or Dorsal Space |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Control |
Environment
AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS to Minimize Nasal Mucosal Irritation Dust, NH3, Humidity Environment SEPARATE AGE GROUPS AIAO Reduce Infection Pressure, Horizontal Transmission CONCURRENT COLONIZERS URT Control via Antimicrobials in Feed Vaccination (Bordetella. Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis) |
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AR Atrophic Rhinitis
PAR Progresive Atrophic Rhinitis Treatment |
Antimicrobial
Indicated if CLINICAL SIGNS in HERD BEFORE and AFTER Weaning Antimicrobial Parenteral Oxytetracycline Long Acting Antimicrobial Feed Nursery and Grower Diets Vaccination Injection Sow Herd MUST CONTAIN Toxigenic P. multocida, B. bronchiseptica TOXOIDS Vaccination Injection PRE-FARROWING Sows 2 Weeks Prefarrowing Vaccination Injection PRE-FARROWING Gilts 2 and 5 Weeks Prefarrowing |
