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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the considerations for vineyard planning.
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Varietals
Rootstocks Row Direction Planting Density Training & Trellising |
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Vineyard Planning Consideration:Varietals
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Climatic data - Each has it's own "heat arc"
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Vineyard Planning Consideration:
Rootstocks |
Phylloxera status and other soil borne vectors such as nematodes
Chemistry & water holding capacity |
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best soil for riparia and riparia-rupestris
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wet, acidic
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best soil for riparia-berlandieri
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wet, basic
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best soil for rupestris-berlandieri
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dry calcareous/basic
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Vineyard Planning Consideration:
Row Direction |
Plot size & shape
Slope - go with slope unless >20% - 25% Wind Direction - parallel with prevailing dir Optimal light (nw-se - cool climate; ne-sw - hot) |
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Vineyard Planning Consideration: Planting Density
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Depends on soil fertilty, rootstock, vigor
Row width effects yield the most |
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Vineyard Planning Consideration: Pruning, Training Trellising
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Choose simplest method:
pruning: spur, cane or both training: head, cordon, guyot trellising: VSP, Scott Henry, Lyre Avoid excessive canopy and crop growth Canopy needs to be big enough to ripen crop |
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Leaf, fruit and shoot fungi
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Botrytis/grey mold
Downy & Powdery Mildews Black Rot Aspergillus niger |
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Wood fungi
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Eutypa
Esca disease complex Tend to have disease complexes that lead to vine decline and death |
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Pest and virus vectors
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Phylloxera
Scale insects (mealy bugs, leaf roll virus) Nematodes (fan leaf virus) Mites (short shoot syndrome) Grapevine berry moth Leafhoppers (flavescence doree) Sharpshooters (pierce's disease) |
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Botrytis
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Humid, moist environments
Late season growth damaging Affects fruit, leaves, inflorescences Secondary infections - penicillin Low density canopy & good air flow best way to avoid |
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Downy Mildew
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Thrives in moist climate
Yellow "oil spot" on top, downy fungi underside Requires rain splashes Treat with copper & other fungicides Affects Leaves, Shoots, Inflorescences Dangerous to young inflorescences & pedicel Older fruit is resistent |
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Powdery Mildew
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AKA Oidium
Impacts all green parts Yellow-green spots on leaves & web on leaves Young clusters and inflorescences Sulphur effective Crop rotation needed to prevent developing resistance |
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Conditions for maximum production of positive thiols.
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The vines experienced a moderate water deficit
Nitrogen was neither limiting (as it was on the soft limestone) nor in excess. |
