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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which Vitamins are Water soluble
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B and C
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Which Vitamins are Fat soluble
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A,D,E,K
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Where are fat soluble vitamins absorbed?
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Ileum
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What are two common diesease that can cause fat soluble vitamin deficiency?
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Cystic Fibrosis and Celiac Sprue
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B1
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thiamine TPP
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B2
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Riboflavin (FAD, FMN)
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B3
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Niacin NAD
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B5
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Pentothenate CoA
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B12
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Cobalamin
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B6
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Pyridoxine
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What is the only B vitamin to be stored in the body?
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B12 which is stored in the liver
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Deficiency in Vit A causes?
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Nightblindness and dry skin
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Excess Vitamin A causes?
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Alopecia, skin changes
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Deficiency in Vit B1 (Thiamine) causes?
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Beriberi and/or Wernicke/Korsakoff syndrome
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Where is Thiamine used in the body?
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A cofactor for the enzyme Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
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What does Dry beriberi mean?
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Polyneuritis, muscle wasting
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What does Wet Beriberi mean?
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Cardiac failure and edema
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What happens in wernicke encephalopathy
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mamillary body atrophy
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What is the sign of wernicke encephaolpathy?
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Ataxia, nystagmus, and impaired memory
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What is the sign of korsakoff syndrome?
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Anterograde and retrograde amnesia
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Vitamin B2 function is?
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Oxidation/reduction rxn FAD
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Function of B3?
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Oxidation/Reduction rxn NAD
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Deficiency of B3 causes what?
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Pellegra: 4D's Dementia, Dermitis, Diarrhea, Death
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What can tryptophan be synthesized into?
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Niacin
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Function of B5?
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A cofactor for acyl transfers
Co-A |
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Function of B6?
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Converted to pyridoxal phosphate , a cofactor used in transamination reaction (AST,ALT)
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Deficiency of B6?
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Convulsions, Hyperirritability, peripheral Neuropathy
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What 2 things can cause a deficiency in pyridoxine?
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Oral Contraceptives and INH
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Function of Vitamin B12
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methylation of Homocysteine and methylmalonyl-CoA
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Where is Vitamin B12 Stored?
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Liver
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What test do you run if someone is Vitamin B12 deficient?
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Schilling test
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Name a nematode that can cause vit B12 deficiency?
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Diphyllobothrium Latum
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What is the condition called when there are Antibodies against the parietal cells in the stomach?
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Prenicious anemia
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Deficiency of Vitamin B12 causes what?
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Megaloblastic Anemia, neurologic symptoms, glossitis
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What should you always give B12 with?
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Folate
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Name a disease that will have severely decrease vitamin B12
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Crohn's
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Most common vitamin deficiency in the united states?
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Folate
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Deficiency in folate causes?
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Megablastic anemia, Neural tube defects such as spinabifida, meningocele, meningomyelocele
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Folate function?
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1 carbon transfer for the synthesis of DNA and RNA
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T/F Neurologic symptoms are common with a folic acid deficiency?
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Flase, that is a B12 symptoms
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Deficiency in Vit C causes?
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Scurvy-bleeding gums, bruising, poor wound healing
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Function of Vitamin C?
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To hydrolyze proline and lysine for collagen synthesis
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Toxicity of Vitamin C causes?
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Oxalate kidney stones
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Deficiency in Vitamin D in children cause?
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rickets(bending bones)/ tetany
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Deficiency in Vitamin D in adults cause?
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osteomalacia(soft bones)/tetany
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What is the active form of Vitamin D?
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1,25 Dihydroxy cholecalciferol
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deficiency of Vitamin E causes?
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Fragile RBC
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Excess of Vitamin E causes?
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Fragile RBC
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Function of Vitamin E?
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Antioxidant
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Function of Vitamin K?
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Catalyzes the gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residues of blood clotting factors
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What are the Vit K dependent clotting factors
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2,7,9,10 protein C and S
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What drug is a Vitamin K antagonist?
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Warfarin
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Where does one get Vitamin K?
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Intestinal Flora, thus long term antibiotic can cause Vit K deficiency
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What 3 forms does Vit B6 come in?
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pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine
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