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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fat-soluble vitamins?
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DEAK. They dissolve in fat and require bile for absorption. Stored in fatty tissues and may be toxic in excess.
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Water-soluble vitamins?
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Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vit c, folate, b-12. They travel in the blood and are easily excreted. Less likely to be toxic.
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Two types of vitamin A
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preformed vit a = retinol (animal form)
provitamin vit a = beta carotene (plant form) |
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Function of vitamin A?
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-important role in vision, it forms rhodopsin and helps formation of mucus forming cells
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Vitamin A deficiency?
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visual vs nonvisual. leading cause of blindness. the mucus secreting cells start producing keratin and eyes dry up. nonvisual - intestinal, lung, diarrheol infections.
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Role of Vitamin D?
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maintains blood calcium and thereby bone integrity. facilitates the absorption of dietary calcium and prevents excretion of calcium
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Vitamin D deficiency?
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rickets: softening of bones in children leading to fractures and deformity.
osteomalacia: defective bone mineralization |
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Role of Vitamin E?
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functions as an antioxidant, protects cell membranes.
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Role of Vitamin K?
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essential in the formation of blood clotting factors. deficiency leads to excessive bleeding in newborns.
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Function of Thiamin?
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energy production, turns glucose into energy.
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Thiamin deficiency?
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"beriberi": affects cardiovascular, muscular, nervous system.
"wernicke-korsakoff": confusion, staggering, memory loss (alcoholism) |
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Niacin deficiency?
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Pellagra: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death.
-associated with consumption of corn. |
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Role of Folate?
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required for normal growth and division of all cells. needd for synthesis of DNA, RNA.
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Deficiency of Folate?
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neural tube defects (spinobifida, anencephaly) Supplements recommended for pregnant women.
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Vitamin C deficiency?
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Scurvy: breakdown of collagen
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