Vitamins

Front 1

What is Vitamin B1

Back 1

Thiamine

Front 2

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B1 is a cofactor for

Back 2

Thiamine.
1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (glycolysis)
2. Alpha-Ketoglutarate DH (TCA)
3. Transketolase (HMP shunt)
4. Branched-chain AA DH

Front 3

Vitamin B 1 deficiency

Back 3

Wernicke-Korsakoff

Front 4

What is Vitamin B2

Back 4

Riboflavin

Front 5

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B2 is a cofactor for

Back 5

Riboflavin. Cofactor in oxidation and reduction (e.g., FADH2) FAD and FMN are derived from riboflavin

Front 6

What is Vitamin B3

Back 6

Niacin

Front 7

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B3 is a cofactor for

Back 7

Niacine. Its synthesis required vitamin B6, it is derived from tryptophan. It is a constituent of NAD+, NADP+

Front 8

What is Vitamin B5

Back 8

Pantothenate

Front 9

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B5 is a cofactor for

Back 9

Panthothenate. Essential component of CoA and fatty acid synthase

Front 10

What is Vitamin B6

Back 10

Pyridoxine (Pyridoxal P).

Front 11

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B6 is a cofactor for

Back 11

Pyridoxine (Pyridoxal P).
Converted to pyridoxal phosphate, cofactor in:
1) Transamination
2) Decarboxylation
3) Glycogen phosphorylase
4) Heme Synthesis.
Required for synthesis of niacin from tryptophan

Front 12

What is Vitamin B7

Back 12

Biotin.

Front 13

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B7 is a cofactor for

Back 13

Biotin.
Is a cofactor for carboxylation enzymes (which add 1-carbon group):
1. Pyruvate carboxylase: Pyruvate (3C) --> oxaloacetate (4C)
2. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase: Acetyl-CoA (2C) --> malonyl-CoA (3C) 3. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase: Propionyl-CoA (3C)-->methylmalonyl-CoA (4C)

Front 14

What is Vitamin B9

Back 14

Folic Acid

Front 15

Name and Enzymes Vitamin B9 is a cofactor for

Back 15

Folic Acid. Converted to tetrahyrdofolate (THF) a coenzyme for 1-carbon transfer/methylation reactions. Impt. For the synthesis of nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA.

Front 16

Vitamin B9 Deficiency

Back 16

Folic acid deficiency , Megaolblastic Anemia. Dietary deficiency of Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) traps folate as methyl-folate, (a form that cannot be used for purine and pyrimidine synthesis).

Front 17

Inability to absorb dietary vitamin B12 due to an intrinsic factor deficiency

Back 17

Pernicious Anemia

Front 18

What is Vitamin B12

Back 18

Cobalamin

Front 19

Name and Enzymes B12 is a cofactor for

Back 19

Cobalamin. Cofactor for homocystein and methyltransferase (transfers Ch3 groups as methylcobalamin) and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase.

Front 20

What 2 cofactors and carrier are important for methionine and homocysteine

Back 20

S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) converts methionine to homocysteine. Methionine is regenerated in a B12 and THF dependent process

Front 21

What is Vitamin C

Back 21

Ascorbic Acid

Front 22

Name and Enzymes Vitamin C is a cofactor for

Back 22

Ascorbic Acid. Antioxidant. Also:
1. Facilitates iron absoprtion by keeping iron in Fe2+ reduced state (more absorbable).
2. Necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis.
3. Necessary for Dopamine B-hydroxylase, which converts dopamine to NE

Front 23

Deficiency in Vitamin C

Back 23

Scury

Front 24

Role of Vitamin D

Back 24

Important for absorption of calcium and phosphate, increases bone resorption

Front 25

Role of Vitamin K

Back 25

K for Koagulation. Necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors 2,7,9,10. Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist . Your gut flora produces Vitamin k, neonates are givine vitamin K injection at birth to prevent hemorrage.