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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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B1
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thiamine
- Dehydrogenase (Pyruvate, a-ketoglutrate, branched-AA) - Transketolase (HMP) - Ber1Ber1 |
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Beriberi
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Dry = polyneuritis; symmetric muscle wasting
Wet = HOHF; dilated cardiomyopathy; edema - GLUCOSE CAN WORSEN -> ATP depletion |
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Vit. B2
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- Riboflavin (FMN, FAD)
- Cheliosis and Corneal neovascularization |
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Vit. B3
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- Niacin (NAD+, NADP+)
- Pellegra = dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea - Synthesized by tryptophan by B6 Excess = Facial flusihng (Niacin) |
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causes of pellegra
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- Hartnup
- Carcinoid - INH (because depletes B6 which is needed for synthesis) |
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Vit. B5
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- Pantothenate (CoA)
- cofactor for acyl transfers and FA synthase - Oxaloacetate ----> citrate Def = adrenal insufficiency |
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Vit. B6
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pyridoxine
- PLP - TRANSAMINATION - DECARBOXYLATION - GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE - CYSTATHIONE SYNTHESIS - HEME SYNTHESIS |
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Def of B6
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Convulsion
Peripheral Neuropathy (INH and OCPs) sideroblastic anemia (ALA synthase) |
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Vit. B12
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- homocystein methyltransferase
- methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (inc. methylmalonyl-COA) - Diphyllobothrium latum |
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Folic Acid
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def
- phenytoin (inhibits intestine conjugase) - OCPs and EtOH - Sulfonamides - MTX |
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SAM
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- ATP + methionine ---> SAM
sam the methyl donor man - regeneration of methionine (& thus SAM) is dependent on B12 and folate = HOMOCYSTEINE methyltransferase |
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Biotin
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- B7
- Made by bacteria in intestine - AVIDin in egg whites AVIDly binds biotin (used in ELISA, and western blot) - cofactor for carboxylation (+1 carbon) - Met Acidosis w/ deficiency |
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Pyruvate Carboxylase: Pyruvate ---> OAA
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase: Acetyl-CoA ----> malonyl-CoA Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase: Propionyl-CoA ----> methylmalonyl-CoA |
- +1 carbon
- Biotin is cofactor - malonyl-CoA= 1.) inhibits carnitine acyltransferase 2.) buling block for FA synthesis |
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Vit. C
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- helps iron absorption = keeps iron in Fe+2 reduced state
- collagen - DOPAMINE B-HYDROXYLASE = DA -> NE |
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Vit D MOA
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- binds to receptors on osteoblasts
- Alk phos released and hydrolyzes pyrophosphate which is an inhibitor of bone mineralization |
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Vit. E
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- tocopherol
- antioxidant = protects erythrocytes and membranes from free radicals Def = Hemolytic Anemia; Muscle weakness - Posterior Column and spinocerebellar tract demyelination |
