Vitamin Cram

Front 1

What is the active form of:
Thiamine

Back 1

TPP

Front 2

What is the active form of: pyroxidine

Back 2

pyridoxal phosphate

Front 3

What is the active form of: niacine

Back 3

niacine and nicotinamide

Front 4

What is the active form of: folate

Back 4

tetrahydrofolate (THF)

Front 5

What is the active form of: cobalamine

Back 5

methylcobalamine
5-deoxyadenosylcobalamine

Front 6

What is the active form of: riboflavin

Back 6

Flavin Mononucleiotide (FNM),
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Front 7

What is the active form of: Retinoid

Back 7

retinol. retinal,retinoic acid

Front 8

B1=

Back 8

thiamine

Front 9

B6=

Back 9

pyroxidine

Front 10

b3=

Back 10

niacin

Front 11

b12=

Back 11

cobalamine

Front 12

b2=

Back 12

riboflavin

Front 13

b5=

Back 13

pantothenic acid

Front 14

vitamin a=

Back 14

retinoida

Front 15

Thiamine function

Back 15

transketolase activity and oxidative decarboxylation
involved in ATP production

Front 16

Sx of thiamine deficiency

Back 16

beriberi
werneki korsakoff

Front 17

Pyroxidine function

Back 17

(b6) transfer of amino grups

Front 18

sx of pyroxidine deficincy

Back 18

sideroblastic anemia
the body has iron available but cannot incorporate it into hemoglobin, which red blood cells need to transport oxygen efficiently.

Front 19

niacin function

Back 19

coenzymes NAD and NADP, mainly to accept or donate electrons for redox reactions

Front 20

niacin deficiency disorders

Back 20

pellagra
4d's
dermititis, diahrreah, death, dimentia

Front 21

Folate function

Back 21

one carbon metabolism

Front 22

what vitamin can be synthesized from tryptophan?

Back 22

niacin

Front 23

Disorders resulting from folate def?

Back 23

macrocytic, megaloblastoc anemia

Front 24

Vitamin A function

Back 24

Cell signaling, vision, reproduction

Front 25

vitamin k function

Back 25

coagulation

Front 26

vitamin C active form?

Back 26

ascorbate

Front 27

Vitamin C function

Back 27

reducing agent: minimize radical damage, recycles vitamin e
required as a cofactor in the hydroxylation of lysine and proline residues in collagen
#
oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid

Front 28

Vitamin C def sx:

Back 28

bleeding gums, loose teeth, fragile blood vessles., corkscrew hairs, problems with connective tissue such that collagen fibers can't be cross linked

Front 29

toxicity of vitamin c

Back 29

kidney stones and diahhrea

Front 30

vitamin e active form

Back 30

a-tocopherol

Front 31

function of vitamin e

Back 31

antioxidant
decreases lipid peroxidation

Front 32

Vitamin E toxicity:

Back 32

least common of fat soluble vitamins but can interact with vitamin k and may affect platelet activity leading to increased risk of bleeding

Front 33

selenium function

Back 33

(selenocystine) is required for synthesis and activity of glutathione peroxidase

Front 34

True or false, vitamin A has antioxidant properties...

Back 34

FALSE

Front 35

G0-G1 signaling

Back 35

by a mitogen to signal cell to make cyclin d wich will then activateCDK4/6 COmplex

Front 36

G1 Restriction point enzymes

Back 36

1) D4/D6 hypophosphorlates RB
2)E2 hyperphosphorilates RB causing it to releas E2F

Front 37

Where can p16 act?
Where can p21 act?

Back 37

p16 can only act at cyclinD/cdk4/6
P21 can act on any other cycling complex, like cyclinE/CDK2 later in G1

Front 38

How does the cell get through the G2-M Checkpoint?

Back 38

cdc25 is released by the cell when DNA dupication is complete. cdc25 activates the MPF (B/CDC2) complex. Active MPF signals events associated with mitosis.

Front 39

What is the M/Spindle Assembly checkpoint?

Back 39

APC gives the "all clear" when the chromosomes are properly aligned. APC then turns off MPF (b/cdc2) by degrading cyclin b and it also uiquinates securin which frees seperase to unglue the chromosomes so that they can be split

Front 40

Daily Caloric Needs Formula

Back 40

RMR + Physical Activity + TEF

Front 41

RMR (Men & Women)

Back 41

(wt in kg) x (1kcal/kg/hr, men, 0.9 women) x (24 hours)

Front 42

IBW (men and women)

Back 42

M= 106 + (6# for every inch over 5ft) +/- 10%

W= 100 +/- (5# above or below 5ft) +/- 10%

Front 43

BMI=

Back 43

wt in kg/ht in m2

Front 44

Ergocalciferol

Back 44

D2 (1/3 as active)

Front 45

Vitamn D3 active name and formula

Back 45

calcitriol 1,25(OH)2D3

Front 46

Vitamn D3 made in liver (inactive) name and formula

Back 46

calcidiol 1,25(OH)D3

Front 47

Enzyme in kidney that makes D3 active?

Back 47

1,25(OH)D3-1a-hydroxylase