Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, And Biotin

Front 1

Vitamin B1

Back 1

Thiamine

Front 2

Biologically Active Form of Vitamin B1

Back 2

Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP)

Front 3

Sources of Vitamin B1

Back 3

Meat
Leafy green vegetables
Grains
Legumes

Front 4

RDA (B1)

Back 4

1.0 - 1.5mg/day

Front 5

Functions of Vitamin B1

Back 5

1.) Coenzyme for oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids
2.) Maintenance of neural membrane and conduction

Front 6

Deficiency of Vitamin B1

Back 6

1.) Dry Beriberi
2.) Wet Beriberi
3.) Infantile Beriberi
4.) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Front 7

Dry Beriberi

Back 7

Polyneuritis
- Progressive muscle wasting
- Difficulty walking
- Bedridden

Front 8

Wet Beriberi

Back 8

Cardiovascular syndrome
- Edema of face, trunk, and legs
- Breathlessness
- Palpitations
- Acute cardiac failure leading to death

Front 9

Infantile Beriberi

Back 9

Pregnant mother Thiamine deficient
- Tachycardia
- Convulsions
- Vomiting, cyanosis, breathlessness
- Sudden death due to cardiac failure

Front 10

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Back 10

Chronic alcoholics
- Insufficient intake, impaired absorption, and increased need for Thiamine
Features:
- Memory loss
- Nystagmus
- Ataxia
- Confusion, disorientation

Front 11

Transketolase

Back 11

Thiamine deficiency indicated by erythrocyte transketolase levels

Front 12

Vitamin B2

Back 12

Riboflavin

Front 13

Biologically Active From of Vitamin B2

Back 13

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Front 14

Sources of Vitamin B2

Back 14

Meat
Dairy
Vegetables

Front 15

RDA (B2)

Back 15

1.2 - 1.7mg/day

Front 16

Functions of Vitamin B2

Back 16

Redox reactions

Front 17

Deficiency of Vitamin B2

Back 17

1.) Cheilosis
- Cracks or fissures radiating from corners of mouth
- Tend to become infected
- First and most characteristic sign
2.) Glossitis
- Tongue atrophic, and Magenta in color
3.) Dermatitis
- Butterfly shaped scaling of nasolabial folds

Front 18

Vitamin B3

Back 18

Niacin, Nicotinic acid, or Nicotinamide

Front 19

Biologically Active Forms of Vitamin B3

Back 19

NAD, and NADP

Front 20

Sources of vitamin B3

Back 20

Meat
Diary
Grains
Cereal
Tryptophan (Synthesized)

Front 21

RDA (B3)

Back 21

13 - 19mg/day

Front 22

Functions of Vitamin B3

Back 22

1.) Coenzyme for dehydrogenases
2.) Treatment of hyperlipidemia
- Inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue, thus decreasing FFA, causing a decrease of liver TAG synthesis

Front 23

Deficiency of Vitamin B3

Back 23

Pellagra
- Dermatitis (Scaling and desquamation)
- Diarrhea (Atrophy of G.I. columnar epithelium)
- Dementia (Degeneration of spinal cord)

Front 24

Vitamin B5

Back 24

Pantothenic Acid

Front 25

Sources of Vitamin B5

Back 25

Meat
Legumes
Cereal

Front 26

Function of Vitamin B5

Back 26

1.) Coenzyme A synthesis
2.) Fatty acid synthesis
- Component of Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP)

Front 27

Deficiency of Vitamin B5

Back 27

Extremely rare

Front 28

Vitamin B6

Back 28

Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, or Pyridoxamine

Front 29

Biologically Active Form of Vitamin B6

Back 29

Pyridoxal Phosphate

Front 30

Sources of Vitamin B6

Back 30

Meat
Vegetables
Potatoes
Tomatoes

Front 31

RDA (B6)

Back 31

1.4 - 2.0mg/day (Increase by 0.6mg during pregnancy)

Front 32

Functions of Vitamin B6

Back 32

Coenzyme for:
1.) Transamination
2.) Decarboxylation
3.) Deamination
4.) Condensation
5.) Glycogenolysis

Front 33

Deficiency of Vitamin B6

Back 33

1.) Dermatitis
2.) Cheilosis
3.) Glossitis
4.) Peripheral neuropathy (Convulsions sometimes)
5.) Sideroblastic anemia (Decreased heme synthesis)
Causes:
- Poor infant feeding
- Isoniazid, Estrogens, and Penicillamine
- Alcoholism

Front 34

Toxicity of Vitamin B6

Back 34

Only water soluble vitamin that is toxic
- Sensory neuropathy

Front 35

Biotin

Back 35

Synthesized by intestinal bacteria
Coenzyme for carboxylation reactions
Deficiency rare
- Alopecia
- Bowel inflammation
- Muscle pain
Causes:
- Long antibiotic therapy
- Excessive consumption of raw eggs (Avidin protein prevents intestinal absorption)