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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lacrimal Caruncle
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-medial margins of eyelids
-sebaceous & sweat glands |
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tarsal plates
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supports eyelids and anchors muscles that blink
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conjunctiva
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transparent mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyes and covers white of eye
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tarsal glands
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secrete oils that lubricate eye
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lacrimal gland
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-tears
-mucus, antibodies, lysozyme |
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lysozyme
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breaks down bacteria, found in lacrimal gland
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Describe tear draining
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Lacrimal puncta ---> lacrimal canals drains tears into lacrimal sac and into nasolacrimal duct --->nasal cavity
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homeostatic imbalances
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-Conjunctivitis
-nasal inflammation --> inflame lacrimal mucosa (tears not drain = watery eyes) -Diplophia: Double vision (from weakness or paralysis) -Strabismus: cross eyedness (brain may disregard imput from one eye) |
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Tunics
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Fibrous Tunic
Vascular Tunic Sensory Tunic (retina) |
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Fibrous Tunic
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Dense Avascular CT
(Sclera + Cornea) |
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Sclera
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white of eye, continuous with dura matter, extrinsic muscles insert
Fibrous tunic |
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Cornea
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-Avascular + covered with epithelium
-Pain receptors Fibrous Tunic |
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Vascular Tunic
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-Choroid
-Ciliary body -iris |
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Choroid
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blood vessels, brown pigment (help absorb light to keep from scattering)
VT |
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Ciliary Body
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Ring of tissue surrounding lens
-Ciliary Muscle- controls shape of lens -ciliary processes- secrete fluid which produce aqueous humor -suspensory ligament-anchors ciliary process to lens Vascular Tunic |
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Iris
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2 doughnut shaped pigmented smooth muscle layers lying between the cornea and the lens
Vascular Tunic |
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Retina
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-superficial pigmented layer absorbs excess light
-deep NEURAL layer extends forward to the ciliary body |
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Optic Disc
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Optic nerve exits eyeball (No photoreceptors = blindspot)
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Blind spot
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no photoreceptors
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Macula lutea
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greatest density of photoreceptors
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Homeostatic Imbalance (retina)
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-Retinal detachment: Pigmented and nervous layer separate
-Macular degeneration |
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Vitreous Humor
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(posterior chamber)
-Clear Gel -Transmits light, supports lens, holds retinal in place, supports shape of eye |
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Aqueous Humor
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(Anterior Segment)
Fluid filled, continuously produced and circulated |
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Glaucoma
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Pressure builds in eye
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Cataracts
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Clouding of lens
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Lens
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2 regions...
1)lens epithelium 2)lens fibers containing proteins called crystalins (lens changes shape as ciliary muscle contracts b/c of viewing objects up close) |
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Focusing of light
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Cornea -> Aquaeous Humor -> Lens -> Vitreous Humor -> Entire thickness of neural layer of the retina -> cause excitation of the photoreceptors
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Focusing Distant Vision
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6+ meters, lens shape flattened to focus on the retina, so cililary muscles relax..thining the muscle and increasing tension on the lens making it thin
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contracts
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releases tension
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relax
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creates tension
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Presbyopia
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lens loses elasticity and can't be stretched to accommodate near vision
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Myopia
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Nearsightedness results when the image forms in front of the retina
(too elongated) |
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Hyperopia
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Farsightedness results when the image forms behind retina
(too tall) |
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Homeostatic Imblances of Focusing
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presbyopia..myopia..hyperopia.
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