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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acute vs chronic gastroenteritis
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less or more than 2 weeks (damn!)
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viral diarrhea vs bacterial
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no blood and more prevalent than bacterial
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Leading cause of infantile death in developing countries
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viral diarrhea
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hubbed-wheel appearance on EM
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Rotavirus
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large, naked, double-capsid, dsRNA, replicates in cytoplasm
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Rotavirus
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Outer capsid of rotavirus
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VP4 and VP7, used for attachment
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VP4 of rotavirus
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P serotype
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VP7 of rotavirus
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G serotype
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Rotavirus replication cycle
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attaches, outer capsid removed as enters cell, synthesizes mRNAs, viroplasms formed (for assembly), acquires outer shell in RER, adds VP7 then cell lysed and viruses free
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fecal-oral virus (can be asymptomatically shed), day care/hospitals, winter epidemics
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Rotavirus
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Pathophysiology of rotavirus
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very few particles needed, goes to small intestine, dmages enterocytes, get decreased absorption + malabsorption of carbs leading to osmotic secretion
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immunity to rotavirus
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both humoral and mucosal so IgG/IgA; antibodies against VP4, VP7
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primary infection usually symptomatic and can be severe; less severe the less likely to get passive immunity, children often get this more than once
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rotavirus
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1-3 day incubation period, abrupt fever/vomiting/explosive watery diarrhea, lasts about a week
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rotavirus
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Dx for rotavirus
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Enzyme immunoassay
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treatment of rotavirus
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ORT and early refeeding (do NOT fast)
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prevention of rotavirus
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wash yo damn hands
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Rotateq
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pentavalent vaccine for rotavirus
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Rotarix
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monovalent vaccine for rotavirus, made from bovine strain
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most common calcivirus
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norovirus
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naked, +ssRNA, replicates in cytoplasm, cell lysis, resistant to heat,acid
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norovirus
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fecal-oral route, cruise-ships, no seasonality
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norovirus
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1-2 day incubation, explosive watery diarrhea with flu-like symptoms, last 3-7 days
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norovirus
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treatment of rotavirus
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ORT
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Star shape with 5-6 points, naked, +ssRNA
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Astrovirus --> astro = star
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day care outbreaks, typically in winter, watery diarrhea (not explosive), no fecal leukocytes
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Astrovirus
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large, naked, capsid with 12 pentons (antennae), linear dsDNA
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adenovirus
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serotypes of adenovirus associated with gastroenteritis
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serotypes 40 and 41
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second most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in hospitalized patients + very high incidence in children under 2
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adenovirus
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long incubation period (10 days), vomiting and diarrhea + mild respiratory symptoms
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adenovirus
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dx for adenovirus
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usually tissue culture, but GI serotypes not detected this way so need DNA probes
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