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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prions |
-Naked protein/contains no genetic material -Cause of Mad Cow Disease |
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Viroid |
An RNA particle that infects plant cells |
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Virus |
-DNA/RNA surrounded by a protein -Must be within cell to reproduce -Inject genetic material into host cell, cell dies & released the new viruses |
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Examples of viruses |
Phage - Infect bacteria cells; widely studied, gene therapy Retrovirus - Makes replica of RNA in DNA form; HIV |
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Similarities between Archea & Bateria |
-Prokaryotes -Multiply by binary fission and move primarily by means of flagella -Some have pili - exchanges genetic info -Have cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, nucleoid |
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Prokaryotic Cell Wall characteristics |
-Gelatinous covering -Contain peptidoglycan - type of sugar polymer -Gram (+) simple cell wall, large amounts of peptidoglycan, stain blue/purple -Gram (-) complex cell wall, small amounts of peptidoglycan, stain pink/red ^ Distinguishes bet. 2 groups of bacteria |
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Archea characteristics |
-More similar to eukaryotic cells -Histone protein with DNA -Resistant to heat damage -Extremophile, Salt-loving -Keystone organism |
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Ecological importance / main job of Bacteria |
Decomposers! (Recycling of chemicals) |
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CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA Autotrophs |
-Produce all/most of their organic compounds -Ex. Cyanobacteria -Photoautotrophs (use solar energy to synthesize CO2, H20, H2S) -Chemoautotrophs (chemically modify ammonia to nitrate, don't use solar energy) |
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CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA Heterotrophs |
-Require at least one organic compound, cannot produce them on its own -Photoheterotroph & Chemoheterotroph |
