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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Picorna
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RNA is translated into 1 large polypeptide that is cleaved by proteases into functional viral proteins
can cause aspetic meningitis |
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Rotavirus MOA
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villous destruction with atrophy leads to decreased absorption of Na and water
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Mumps
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parotitis (increased amylase), orchitis (inflammation of testes), aseptic meningitis
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Measles
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Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
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influenza
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contains hemagglutin and neuraminidase antigens, winter epidemics
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genetic shift
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reassortment of viral genome; big deal, deadly
pandemic |
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genetic drift
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minor changes based on random mutation- change in virus every year
epidemic |
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Treatment of flu
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amantidine and rimantidine
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Do not give aspirin to kids if...
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flu or chickenpox; causes Reye's- mito dysfunction of liver and brain
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Rabies
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see negri bodies- characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions in neurons
long incubation period fetal encephalitis with seizures and hydrophobia travels to CNS retrograde up axons |
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Yellow fever symptoms
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high fever, black vomitus, jaundice
counsilman bodies (acidophilic inclusiosn) may be seen in the liver |
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HSV1
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gingivostomatitis, keratoconjunctivitis, temporal lobe encephalitis, herpes labialis
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HSV2
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herpes genitalis, neonatal herpes
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EBV
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infectious mono, Burkitts; respiratory transmission
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VZV
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shingles, encephalitis, pneumonia; respiratory transmission
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CMV
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congenital infection, mono, pneumo
enlarged cells with owls eye inclusions |
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HHV8
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Kaposi's
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HHV 6
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roseola infantum- children with high fever for days, goes away and body breaks out in a rash
may act completely normal |
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Mono
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caused by EBV- infects CD21 B cells, response by T cells (Downy cells- with foamy cytoplasm)
pharyngitis, fever, hepatosplenomeg, LAD |
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heterophil negative mono
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CMV
listeria toxoplasma |
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EBV cancer associations
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thymic carc
Burkitts nasopharnygeal carc |
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Monospot test
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heterophil AB detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs (IgM)
EBV mono only |
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Tzanck test
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opened skin vesicle to detect MNGCs
assay for HSV1, HSV2, VZV |
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HAV
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fecal oral
short incubation no carriers |
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HBV
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parenteral, sexual, maternal-fetal
carriers reverse transcription occurs; virion enzyme is a DNA dependent DNA pol |
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HCV
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blood; carriers, IV drug abusers
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hepatocellular carcinoma
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HBV/HCV; monitor AFP
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HDV
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must have HBV infection, carriers
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HEV
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enteric transmission; high mortality in pregnant women
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HBsAg
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active disease
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HBsAb
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recovered
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HBcAg
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new disease
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HBcAB
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history of disease
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HBeAg
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contagious
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Acute disease
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HBsAg, HBcAb
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Window phase
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HBcAb only
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Complete recovery
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HBsAg, HBcAb
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Chronic carrier
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HBsAg, HBcAb
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Immunized
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HBsAb
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Reverse transcriptase
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synthesizes dsDNA from RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome
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HIV diagnosis
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ELISA (rules out), Western blot (rules in)
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Viral load test
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confirmatory; allow physician to monitor effect of drug therapy on viral load
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ELISA/WeBlo limitations
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falsely negative in first 1-2 months of infection, falsely positive initially in babies born to infected mothers (anti-gp 120 crosses placenta)
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CCR5 mutation
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homozygous- immunity
heterozygous- slower course |
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CXCR1 mutation
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rapid progression to AIDS
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HIV encephalitis
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late in HIV infection; virus gains access to CNS via infected macrophages; microglial nodules with MNGC
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Prions
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b pleated sheet proteins
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if CD 4 < 50
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fluconazole to prevent fungal infections
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if CD 4 < 200
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TMP-SMX or dapsone to prevent PCP
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if CD4 < 75
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clarithromycin to prevent MAC
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hides in trigeminal ganglia
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HSV1
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hides in doral root ganglia
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VZV
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hides in sensory ganglia or S2 and S4
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HSV2
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asthma sounding infection in infants
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RSV
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