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67 Cards in this Set
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DNA Viruses
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Parva's Papa Adds Her Poxes to Hepa's
Parvo-, Papo-, Adeno-, Herpes, Pox-, Hepadna- All are; Double Stranded DNA except Parvo (Single Stranded) Icosahedral except Pox (bricked shaped) Replicate DNA in Nucleus except Pox (Cytoplasm) |
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Parvoviridae
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SINGLE stranded DNA Naked Icosahedral
B19 = Fifth Disease Common Children 6-10 Slapped Cheek Fever, Flu like, Lacey Rash on body, Adults Arthralgias Fetus Hydrops fetalis, CHF, abortion Infects Erythroid progenitor Cells --> anemia Sickle Cell anemai --> Aplastic Crisis |
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B19
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Parvo virus
Fifth Disease Common in Children 6-10 Slapped Cheek Fever, Flu like, Lacey Rash on body, Adults Arthralgias Fetus Hydrops fetalis, CHF, abortion Infects Erythroid progenitor Cells --> anemia Sickle Cell anemia --> Aplastic Crisis |
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Papoviridae
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dsDNA Circular, Naked Icosahedral
(Human Papilloma Virus)- Warts Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (BK Virus)- Renal Disease Kidney infection in AIDS (JC Virus)- Demyelination in Oligodendrocytes. PML Progressive Multifocal leukoencephalophathy |
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HPV
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Papo Virus
Human Papilloma Virus Skin/Genital Reservoir spread by direct contact Infects basal layer + Mucosa Hyperkeratosis--> Warts E6 E7 inhibits Tumor S G p53 and RB (HPV 1) Planar Warts (HPV 2-4) Common Warts (HPV 6-11) Genital Warts / Laryngeal Papolomas (HPV 16&18) Cervical intraepi Neoplasia DX: Koilocytic atypia Cells on Pap Smear TX: Wart Removal Gardisal Protects from HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 |
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Herpesvirdae
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Large dsDNA Linear
Enveloped Icosahedral Dervies from Nuclear Membrane Intranuclear inclusion bodies Estblishes Latency Herpes Simplex 1 and 2- Oral & Genital Herpes Varicella/Zoster- ChickenPox/Shingles Epstein Barr- Mono, Lympoprolif Disease, Hairy Oral Leuplakia CytoMegaloVirus- CM inclusion, Mono, Pneumonitis Retinitis Human Herpes Virus 6- Roseola Human Herpes Virus 8- Kaposi Sarcoma |
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HSV 1
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Herpes Virus
Herpes Symplex Virus (Torches) HSV 1 (Respiratory/Saliva) Latent in Trigeminal Ganglion "Above the Waist" Cold Sores- KeratoConjucntivitis- Encephalitis Temporal Lobe- DX: Tzanck Smear look for MNGC with Inclusion bodies TX: Acyclovir |
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HSV 2
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Herpes Virus
Herpes Simplex Virus (Torches) HSV2 (Sexually Transmit) Latent in Lumbosacral ganglia Genital Sores (sometimes oral) DX: Tzanck Smear MNGCs with Inclusion bodies TX: Acyclovir |
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Varicella Zoster
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Herpes Virus (Varicella = Pox, Zoster = Shingles)
Respiratory drops--> Replicates in Lymph--> Blood--> Spleen/Liver --> Blood --> SkinRash --> Dorsal Root Ganglia -Chicken Pox- Fever, Pharyngitis, Rhinitis, Asnychronous Rash (Face-->Trunk) -Shingles- Unilateral Rash follows Dermatome -Encephalitis/Pneumonia- in IC DX: Tzanck Smear MNGCs or Ag PCR Detection TX: Acyclovir, Famciclovir Vaccine: Live attenuated |
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Epstein Barr
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Herpesvirdae
- Mononucleosis (Heterphoile +) Fever, Pharyngitis, Lymph, Splenomegaly --> Rupture - Lymphoproliferative Disease (IC) Tcells can not control Bcell Growth - Hairy Oral Leukoplakia (AIDS) Hyperprolif of lingual epithelial cells (Predispose) * Burkitt lymphoma- AIDS,Africa, (c-myc oncogene), Max Mandible, Abdomen * Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma- Asia * Hodgkin Lymphoma- 1st infects mucosa/epi/B cells--> Binds CD21 on Bcells (acts as mitogen)--> Generates Lg T cells (Downey Cells)= 70%WBC Hetero Ab produced from B cell activation (Mitogen) DX: Heterophile Ab Test EBV Specific Ab Test- Anti VCA IgM (Acute), Anti-VCA IgG (Prior) |
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CMV
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Herpesvirdae
CytoMegalo Virus * Mononucleosis Heterophile Negative- Fever, Mild hepatitis * Congenital CMV- (No defects --> Severe) - Thrombocytopenic Purpura Blueberry Muffin Rash - Jaundice Hepatosplenomegaly - Pneumonitis, CNS Damage MR.DICS (vs Toxoplas) Microcephaly, Mental Retard, Deaf, Intracranial Calcifications, Seizures MCC- Viral Congenital Infection, Viral Mental Retard, Sensorineural Deaf * IC CMV- Retinitis, Esophagitis, Atypical Pneumonia, Renal Fail, Addisons CMV blocks expression of MHC I on WBCs --> NO Cyotoxic Response DX: Owl's Eye inclusions in Urine/Biopsy Virus Culture/ Serology PCR TX: AIDS Ganciclovir/Foscarmet + IgG |
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HH6
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Herpesvirdae
Human Herpes 6 (Exanthem Subitum) Roseola, Sixth Diease 6-24months Virus 1st Replicates in Mononuc cells in blood. Latent in Mononuclear Cells High Fever (3-4Days), After Fever--> Lacy Body Rash (No Face) **(Vs. B19 = Rash Face) MCC Seizures Febrile DX:Clinical TX: |
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HH8
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Herpesvirdae
Kaposi Sarcoma STD Turns on VEGF--> Dark Purple Lesions on Palate/skin/oral mucosa/GI/Lungs Inactivates RB Tumor Supressor --> Increases cell Prolif Infects B cells MCC Cancer in AIDS |
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Adenoviridae
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Naked, Linear dsDNA
Icosahedral MCC Tonsillitis children MCC Viral conjunctivitis 3rd MCC colds Respiratory, Fecal/Oral Penton fibers act as hemagglutinins. Toxic to cells (ARD) Acute Respiratory Disease and Atypic Pnemonia- Pharyngoconjunctivitis- Pharyngitis + Pinkeye + Fever Keratoconjunctivitis- Highly Contagious, Foreign Objects Acute Hemorrhagic Cystistis- 5-15yo Boys Gastroenteritis- < 2yo Live Vaccine |
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Poxviridae
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Linear dsDNA Enveloped
Brick-shaped Capside Replicates in Cytoplasm (Guarneri Bodies) Viron transcriptase Variloa Vaccinia (Cow pox) Molluscum contagiosum Monkey Pox Orf |
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Variola
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Poxviridae
Small Pox, Classic Pox Only one serotype, 1977 Eradication Virus enters Resp Tract--> Lymph--> Virema--> 2nd Virema infects dermal tissues/organs Rash starts at Mouth-->Face Flu 2-4days DX: Guarneri Bodies in Cells VX: Live (Cow, Monkey, Vaccinia) |
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Molluscum Contagiosum
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Poxviridae
Direct contact, Sex Wrestling, Swim Team Replicates in Dermis AIDS White/Pink umbilicated "warts" DX: Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies |
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Hepadnaviridae
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Enveloped
Circular Partial dsDNA Icosahedral Capsid Viron Ploymerase Hepatitis B |
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HBV
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Hepadnaviridae
Blood Sex Milk 1-4 month incubation DNA Poly = Reverse Transcriptase Fever, Malaise, Anorexia Vomit, Dark Urine, Jaundice Arteritis--> Cirrhosis or hepaatocell carcinoma Enters cell--> Viral Poly completes partial Circluar dsDNA--> Host RNA Poly transcribes a RNA intermediate-->RNA intermediate sent to cytoplasm-->Viral DNA Poly reverse trans transcribes this to make DNA progeny HBs ab = immune HBc ab = infection HBe ab = successful treatment DX: serology TX: IFN VX: HBsAg Recombinant |
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Positive Stranded RNA Viruses
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All are single stranded (except Reovirus)
All carry RNA dependent RNA Poly Viron associated Poly (Reo, Arena, Retro) All are Enveloped (except Picorna, Calici, Reo) Segmented Different genes on Different pieces of RNA. ROBA (Reo, Orthomyxo, Bunya, Arena) Calici Picorna Flavi Toga Corona Retro |
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Caliciviridae
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Naked, Pos ssRNA
Icosahedral Norwalk (Norovirus) Hepatitis E Noro-like Virus |
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Norwalk Virus
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Caliciviridae
Human GI tract, fecal oral transmission Acute Gastroenteritis Watery Nausea Vomit Diarrea DX: RIA ELISA TX: Self Limiting |
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Picornaviridae
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Naked Pos ssRNA
Icosahedral Summer Fall Peaks Resistant to Alcohol Enteroviruses Acid Stable = GI survival Infect No Diarrhea, Fecal/Oral, >9 Polio, Coxsakie A/B, Echovirus Rhinoviruses 33C Growth, Summer Fall Peak Heparnavirus Hep A |
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Polio
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Picornaviridae enterovirus
Fecal/Oral Asympt to FUO, Meningitis, Paralysis Replicates in Tonsiles/PeyerPatches--> Virema--> Cross BBB--> Anterior horn Motor Neurons--> Meningitis DX: Serology TX: VX: Sabin live, Salk Killed |
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Coxsackie A
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Picornaviridae enterovirus
Hand Foot Mouth Disease Fecal/Oral Rash on Plam/sole, Herpangina, Meningitis, Pharyngitis (lymph), Common Cold DX: Isolation from Throat , CSF, Stool TX: None |
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Coxsackie B
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Picornaviridae enterovirus
Devils Grip Bornholm Disease Myocarditis, Hepatitis, Meningitis, Common Cold DX: Isolation from Throat , CSF, Stool TX: None |
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Echovirus
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Picornaviridae enterovirus
Fecal/Oral Fever, Rash unknow origin, Meningitis, UTI Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis DX: Isolation from Throat , CSF, Stool TX: None |
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Rhinovirus
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Picornaviridae Rhinovirus
100+ Serotypes Opt Growth at 33 --> Upperairways/Nose Attaches via ICAM-1 MCC Common Cold (#2=corona) |
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Heparnavirus
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Picornaviridae Heparnavirus (HAV)
Hepatitis A Fecal/oral Hepatocytes Nonchronic DX: IgM TX:Ig prophylxis VX:Killed |
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Flaviviridae
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Enveloped Pos ssRNA
Icosahedral Arthropod Borne (except HepC) St. Louis Encephalitis West Nile Encephalitis Dangue Yellow Fever Hepatitis C |
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St. Lous Encepalitis (SLE)
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Mosquito=Vector reservoir= birds
SE USA, Canada, S. America, Caribbean #2 MCC of Viral encephalitis (HSV= #1MCC) HSV1= Adults, HSV2= Children DX: Serology, latex agglut TX: Prevention |
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West Nile Virus
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Mosquito=Vector reservoir= birds/Horses
Across the USA Encephalitis, Minigitis, Fever, Headache, Muscle weakness DX: TX: Prevention |
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Dengue Fever
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Mosquito=Vector reservoir= Monkeys/Humans
USA Gulf, Caribbean, Tropics, Asia Fever, Sever Muscle Joint Back Pain, Rash Retroorbital Headaches Asia- GI hemorrhage--> Shock DX: TX: Prevention |
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Yellow Fever
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Flaviviridae
Vector= Mosuito, Reservoir= Monkeys/Humans S. America, Tropical Africa Sudden Onset of Jaundice/Hepatitis, High Fever, GI hemorrhage (Black Vomit), Kidney, Heart DX: Liver biopsy= Councilman Bodies engulfment of hepatocytes VX: Live attenuated |
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Togaviridae
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Enveloped Pos ssRNA
Icosahedral Alpha Viruses (arboviruses) * Eastern Equine Encephalitis * Western Equine Encephalitis * Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Rubivirus * Rubella |
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Eastern Equine Encephalitis
(EEE) |
Togaviridae
Vector= Mosquito Resevoir= Birds/Horses Atlanta Gulf of Mexico DX: Cytopathology, RT PCR, Serology TX: VX: Killed |
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Western Equine Encephalitis
(WEE) |
Togaviridae
Vector= Mosquito Resevoir= Birds/Horses West of Mississippi DX: Cytopathology, RT PCR, Serology TX: VX: Killed |
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Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE)
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Togaviridae
Vector= Mosquito Resevoir= Birds/Horses DX: Cytopathology, RT PCR, Serology TX: VX: |
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Rubivirus
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Togaviridae
Rubella German Measles(Torches) Respiratory Drops/Transplacental 2-3 Week Incubation Malaise, Low Fever, Rash (3 Days) Pregnant Women Rash, Arthritis, Lymphadenopathy New Borne Triad 1) PDA 2) Cataracts 3)Deafness sensorineural PDA, Pulmonary A Stenosis, Cataracts, glaucoma, Pigmented retnia, Deafness, Retardation, Purpuric Rash (Blueberry Muffin), Bone lesions, Microcephaly, Hepatosplenomegaly, Thrombocytopenia VX: Live MMR Vaccine |
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Coronaviridae
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Enveloped Helical
Pos ssRNA Hemagglutinin molecules --> Peplomers--> Sun shaped SARS Cov |
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SARS
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Coronaviridae
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Atypical pneumonia, High Fever Flu-like, Dyspnea, Hypoxia DX: Xray= Patchy infiltrates Serology= Ab, RTPCR, Iso TX: Ribavirin and IFN Reservior= birds small animals (cats) |
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Retroviridae
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Enveloped Pos ssRNA
*icosahedral Replicates in Nucleus Virion associated Reverse transcriptase Oncovirus Group HTLV Human Tcell Leukemia Lymphotropic Virus Lentivirus Group HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
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HTLV
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Retroviridae
Human Tcell Leukemia Lymphotropic Virus Adult Tcell Leukemia Ctype particle on neucleocapsid Japan Caribbean Southern US |
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HIV
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Retroviridae
(Nucleus, icosha, 2 RNA copies) Human Immunodeficency Virus Resevoir- Macs (CCR5)[mutation=immune] and Tcells (CXCR4) Integrase Protease gp41- interacts with CD4 receptor gp120- Genetic Drift, Fuses Envelope p24- Core Ag Early Marker of Infection DX: CD4 <200/ul Initial: ELISA/Latex Confirm: W.Blot (gp 41, p24) Disease Progression: CD4/CD8 Viral Load: RT-PCR TX: HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy |
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Negative Stranded RNA Viruses
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Pain Always Results From Our Bunions
Paramyxo Arena Rhabdo Filo Orthomyxo Bunya |
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Paramyxoviridae
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Neg ss RNA
Enveloped Helical Infect Respiratory Epi Cells Fusion (F) Surface Proteins--> MNGC Syncytia Measles Mumps Parainfluenza RSV Respiratory Syncytial Virus MNV Human Metapneumovirus |
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Measles
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Paramyxoviridae
F protein, No Neuraminidase Rubeola Infects Res epi cells--> Replicates Lyses --> Spread to Mucosa (Koplik Spots) -->1-2 Days later Dermis Rash starts at head. Cough Coryza Conjunctivitis Photophobia Encephalitis Pneumonia Years later --> Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) Koplik Spots- Bright Red with White central dot on Buccal Mucosa DX: Serology VX: Live attenuated MMR 4life |
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Mumps
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Paramyxoviridae
Lytic infect of Epi cells of Upper Respitory Tract--> Virema--> Parotid Gland May spread to Testes Pancreas, Meningoencephalitis Fever Headache, Parotid Swelling 3rd MCC of Aseptic Meningitis (Coxsackie, Echo) DX:Clinical Serology TX:Live Attenuated Vac 4life |
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Parainfluenza
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Paramyxoviridae
Peaks in Winter HA/NA attachment Infants- Croup (Barking Cough) Pneumonia (3rd MCC) Adults- Subglottal Swelling (Steeple Sign) DX: RT PCR TX: Support |
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RSV
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Paramyxoviridae
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Adults- Colds Infants- Wheezing Bronchiolitis with necrosis, Pneumonia, Fever, Tachypnea, -cardia Protein G Attachment. No HA/NA DX: TX: Ribavirin |
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Human MNV
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Paramyxoviridae
Human Meta pneumoVirus Cold, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia 2nd MCC of Pneumonia in Children |
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Rhabdoviridae
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Neg ss RNA
Bullet Shaped Enveloped Helical Rabies Vesicular Stomatitis Virus |
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Rabies Virus
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Rhabdoviridae
Reservoir- Bats, Raccoons, Foxes, Skunks, Dogs Transmission- Bites Viral Replication in Striated Muscle--> Virons bind NCAM and enter motor Neurons--> Retrograde to CNS Replication in Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Incllusion Bodies = Negri Bodies within Neuron then... Spred to Brain or Travel down peripheral Nerves into GI/Saliva Incubation 2-16 weeks Fever Anorexia, Allodynia at Bite --> Rapid progressive Encephalitis Mental: Photophobia Hallucination, Psychosis Neuro: Painful Throat Spasm--> Hypersalvation, Lack of Coord, Seizures DX: Negri Bodies Brain Biopsy TX: 5 Doses of Vacc, |
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Filoviridae
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Neg ssRNA
Enveloped Filamentous Ebola Marburg |
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Ebola
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Filoviridae
Direct Contact Acute Hemorrhagic Fever |
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Marburg
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Filoviridae
Direct Contact Acute Hemorrhagic Fever |
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Orthomyxoviridae
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Neg ssRNA
Enveloped Helical *8 Segments Nuclear Replication Influenza A B C |
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Influenza Virus
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Orthomyxoviridae
Influenza A (Bird Pig Human) Influenza B (Human) Bronchiolitis, Croup, Otitis Media, Vomit Predispose Staph Aureus Pneomonia Enveloped Glycoproteins (HA) Hemagglutinin- Viral attach, Binds Sialic Acid on RBCs (lysis) and Epi Cells (endo) (NA) Neuraminidase- Cleaves Sialic Acid, Viral Release Antigenic Drift and Shift to HA and NA glycoproteins Shift with Influenza A only TX: NA Inhibitors, M2 Channel Blockers VX: Killed Attenuated |
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Bunyaviridae
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Neg ssRNA
Enveloped Helical *3 segments Hentavirus Cali encephalitis LaCrossse Encephalitis (Children) |
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Hentavirus
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Bunyaviridae
Hentavirus (Robo Virus) Flu-like, Pulmonary Edema --> Azotemia and Hypovolemic Shock Hypotension Early Summer Reservoir: Deer Mice--> Urine/Feces--> contact, Aerosol DX: RT-PCR TX: 50% Death |
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Arenaviridae
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Neg ss RNA
Enveloped Helical *2 segments one Ambisense LCMV Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Lassa Fever Virus |
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LCMV Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
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Arenaviridae
Mice Hamsters Flu Meningitis DX: Seology TX: Ribavirin |
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Lassa Fever
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Arenaviridae
Rodents, Human-Human (Africa) Hemorrhagic Fever DX: Seology TX: Ribavirin |
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Reoviridae
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Ds RNA Linear
Naked Icosahedral 10-12 Segments Double Shelled Capsid Reovirus Rotavirus CTFV Colorado Tick Fever Virus |
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Reovirus
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Reoviridae
Respiratory (Common Cold) Enteric (Gastroenteritis) Orphan (Only DS RNA) DX: Serology TX: Self limit |
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Rotavirus
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Reoviridae
Right Out The Anus Non Inflammatory Diarrhea Day Care NSP4 enterotoxin DX: ELISA stool TX: Self limit VX: Live oral vacc |
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CTFV
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Reoviridae
Colorado Tick Fever Virus Virus infects Erythroid precursors Flu-like, Fever, Conjunctivitis, Sometimes rash DX: Serology |