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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the general characteristics of paramyxoviruses?
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Spherical or oval
ssRNA-negative polarity Helical nucleocapsid Enveloped |
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What are the viral membrane glycoproteins associated with paramyxoviruses?
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HN, H, or G: for attachment
F: membrane fusion |
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What are the glycoproteins associated with measles?
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H and F
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Where is the initial site of infection for measles?
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URT
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Describe the pathogenesis of measles.
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1. Virus will destroy URT mucosal epithelium
2. Virus present in blood, respiratory, nasopharyngeal and conjunctival secretions 3. Virus spread to lymphoid tissue, bone marrow, viscera, and skin 4. Immune function is disrupted by B and T cell infection. |
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What are the complications associated with measles?
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1. Encephalitis
2. Slow virus disease: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, chronic measles infection of CNS, Fatal. 3. Secondary bacterial infections 4. Acute thrombocytopenic purpura 5. Giant cell pneumonia |
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Koplik's spots are indicative for what disease?
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Measles (paramyxovirus)
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What is the treatment for measles?
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Supportive
treatment of secondary infection |
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What are the recommendations for measles vaccination?
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Infants 13-15 months
Not indicated for pregnant women and immunocompromised patients |
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What treatment can be given susceptible patients who become exposed to measles?
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human anti-measles immunoglobulins
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What are the glycoprotein characteristics of mumps?
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HN and F glycoproteins
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Mumps characteristically disseminates to which organ systems?
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salivary glands, CNS, kidney, ovaries, testes
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What is the characteristic pathology of mumps infected cells?
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necrosis and inflammation with mononuclear cell infiltration
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Describe the pathogenesis of mumps.
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1. entry into URT
2. spread to local lymph nodes 3. spread to distant nodes and spleen 4. viremia 5. generalized spread to salivary and other glands |
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When do the first symptoms of mumps infection appear?
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3 weeks after exposure
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What are the complications of mumps?
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meningitis, orchitis, and oophoritis
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What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants and children under 1 year of age?
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus
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Most children recover from RSV infection within _____ ?
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8 to 15 days
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How long do RSV community outbreaks last and when do they occur?
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4-6 months during fall-winter-spring
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What is the typical treatment for RSV?
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Supportive if mild, oxygen therapy for severe disease. Ribavirin can be used as an aerosol with severe disease
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What group is most at risk for RSV?
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Children under the age of 2 and immunocompromised patients
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