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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm?
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Poxviridae
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What DNA viruses are large and complex?
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Herpesviruses and Poxviruses (largest and most complex)
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*What is a hallmark of Herpesviruses?
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LATENCY (often in sensory neurons)
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What is the tegument? what is found there?
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space between capsid and envelope
many viral proteins |
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What are the three "stages" of Herpes viral replication? and what occurs at each?
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1. alpha - Immediate: regulation of gene transcription and takeover of cell
(viral protein synthesis NOT required) 2. beta - Early: replication 3. gamma - Late: structural proteins, capsid proteins, glycoproteins |
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In which virus might you observe multinucleated giant cells or synctia?
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Herpesviruses (envelopes do not bud off like others)
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Poxviruses exhibit zoonosis. What does this mean?
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viruses naturally infect animals, but can cause incidental infection in humans: monkey pox, cowpox, etc.
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What are the two human pox viruses?
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smallpox (variola)
molluscum contagiosum |
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Where does smallpox replicate? what are some reasons it was able to be eradicated?
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cytoplasm *recall: poxviridae only DNA to replicate in cyto
humans are only host, no latent period, stable vaccine |
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Which virus assumes a dumbell shape because of large lateral bodies (Guarnieri's) and has two membranes?
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Poxvirus
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Where does smallpox enter and replicate? what is it's course from there?
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respiratory tract
then spreads to lymphatic system --> spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and skin rash (secondary viremia) |
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Which virus is among the most common causes of viral disease? (respiratory, conjunctivitis, uti, gi)
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Adenoviruses
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How do adenoviruses attach to host cell receptor? why are they able to survive the GI tract and mild chlorine treatments?
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via the fiber protein (extends off capsule)
non-enveloped! |
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Where do adenoviruses frequently remain during latent period?
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lymphoid tissues (adenoids, tonsils, Peyer's patches)
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Which virus contains supercoiled double-stranded circular genome?
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Papillomaviruses
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* Which virus codes for oncoproteins and is therefore a cause of cancers? what are the proteins, what do they do?
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Papillomaviruses
E6 and E7 genes (proteins) --> manipulate cell cycle regulators, block apoptosis [p53 telomerase, pRb] |
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* which virus causes warts?
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Papillomaviruses (benign cutaneous)
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What is the "course" or progression of papillomaviruses?
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direct contact --> infects epithelial cells of skin or mucous membrane --> persist in BASAL layer --> outgrowth --> excess keratinocytes --> dysplasia and shedding (transmission)
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How are mucosal infections of HPV primarily acquired?
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sexually transmitted (cervix) or anogenital warts
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What is the smallest of the DNA viruses?
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Parvo-viridae
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* What is the only member of Parvoviruses known to cause human disease?
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B19
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