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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When is the outer envelope of HIV acquired?
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During virion budding
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Describe the outer envelope of HIV
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Studded with ~72 oligomeric spikes formed by two major viral-envelope glycoproteins (gp120 and gp 41)
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Describe the HIV genome
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Two identical RNA strands, RNA polymerase, integrase, and two tRNAs base-paired to the genome within the protein core
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What are the principal target cells for HIV infection
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CD4+ T lymphocytes and cells of the monoctye/macrophage lineage
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How does HIV enter cells
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Via a direct pH-independent membrane fusion event between the virion and host cell membranes
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What is the primary high-affinity cell surface receptor for HIV
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The CD4 glycoprotein; CCR5 and CXCR4 are essential coreceptors
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What is special about people who lack CCR5
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They are highly resistant to HIV infection
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What is the first step of HIV infection of a cell?
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Binding of the gp120 subunit to CD4 is the first required step of virus infection
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Why do patients with HIV experience long clinically quiescent periods?
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Failure of the host to mount a sterilizing immune response
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Which cells mount the internal immune response to HIV?
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HIV-specific CD8+ T Cells (CTLs) are generated and kill virus infected cells
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What is the first required step of HIV infection
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Binding of the gp120 subunit to CD4
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The R5 HIV strains typically infect what cells
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Macrophages and primary T-cells. R5 is the virus type most commonly transmitted
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What are the major HIV targets of neutralizing antibodies
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Glycoproteins 120 and 41
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What are two common tests used for HIV
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ELISA
HIV Western Blot |
