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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Among the 5 strains of Hepatitis virus, which are transmitted by fecal-to-oral route? |
Hep A and E |
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Among the 5 strains of Hepatitis virus, which are transmitted by blood route? |
Hep B, C, & D |
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Among the 5 strains of Hepatitis virus, which are naked? |
Hep A & E |
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Among the 5 strains of Hepatitis virus, which are enveloped? |
Hep B, C, & D |
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Why can't blood-borne Hep viruses pass through the gut? |
The adhesion proteins of blood-borne Hep viruses are in the envelope, not the capsid, so they are lost in stomach acid digestion |
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What are sources of fecal-borne Hep viruses? (2) |
- Undercooked foods - Community settings |
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Which Hep virus is transmitted primarily by sexual contact? |
HBV |
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Which Hep virus is transmitted primarily by I.V. drug use? |
HCV |
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What kind of nucleic acid is Hep A? |
ssRNA + |
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What is the incubation time for Hep A? |
15-50 days (a month on average) |
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What do the symptoms of Hep A look like? |
Flu (with RUQ pain) |
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How long before flu-like symptoms does it take for jaundice to appear with Hep A infection? |
1-2 weeks before jaundice |
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How long after peak viral shedding does it take for Hep A symptoms to manifest? |
1-2 weeks |
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Can Hep A cause chronic infection? |
No |
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What is the difference between active immunization and passive? |
Passive - injected with serum immunoglobulins Active - injected with killed virus for lifelong protection |
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Where is Hep E common? |
Developing countries |
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With what symptom is Hep E associated? |
Fulminant hepatic failure in a pregnant woman |
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What is the E-antigen associated with? |
Viral replication and therefore high transmissibility |
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What causes hypersensitivity reactions in chronic Hep B patients? |
HBsAg and anti-HBsAg Ab complexes |
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What 3 things are tested on a hepatitis blood panel for a patient with symptoms for Hep B? |
- Surface antigen HBsAg - Antibodies to the surface antigen anti-HBsAg Ab -Antibodies to the core antigen anti-HBcAg Ab |
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Why does it take 6 months after exposure to detect antibodies to surface antigen in Hep B infection? |
Bc all the antibodies produced are complexed to surface antigen and unable to be read until Ab outnumbers Ag |
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What is the core window? |
The week in which there is exactly as much surface antigen and antibody and neither are detected but HBcAg is detectable. |
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What serum finding suggests a high transmissibility of a chronic infection?
low transmissibility? |
high = HBeAg (e-antigen)
low = anti-HBeAg Ab |
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How can one tell the difference between a vaccinated patient and one with an acute/resolved Hep B infection? |
Vaccinated person only has anti-HBsAg Ab and not anti-HBcAg Ab |
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What does Hep D require in order to infect hepatocytes? |
Must have HBV as a coinfection |
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What kind of genetic material is in Hep C? |
ssRNA + |
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How long is Hep C's incubation period? |
6-12 weeks |
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How long can it take for symptoms of Hep C to manifest? |
10-20 years |
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What risk does Hep C have? |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
