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3 Cards in this Set
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Rabies |
CA: RHABDOVIRUS foxes, skunks, coyotes, raccoons, bats highly suseptible. cats dogs urban areas. bats asymptomatic and shed in feces,urine, saliva. inhalation in caves with infected bats main transmission from bites of infected animal SYMPTOMS: enters wound and mulitiplies in skeletal muscle and connective tissue 1-4 days migrates to the nevers then the spinal cord. spinal cord to brain. 20-60 before signs depending on where bites at headache fever nausea partial paralysis. acute neurological phase- gait becomes uncoordinated paralysis becomes more general. when CNS becomes affected person alternates bt calm and agigated periods Hydrophobia(fear water) occurs throat muscle spasms Aerophobia (fear of moving air) occurs skin is hypersensitive to sensations confusion, hyperactivity, hallucinations occur 10-14 individual goes into coma dies paralytic stage |
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Poliomyelitis (polio) |
CA: 3 strains of single stranded, non enveloped piconaviruses have affinity for motor neurons of spinal cord and brain MOT: fecal oral route live for long periods outside body contaminated water and food with feces SYMPTOMS: primary areas of multiplication are throat and small intestine majority of cases are asymptomatic symptoms like influenze asymptomatic cases in young infection occuring in adolescence/early adulthood paralytic form more common REplicates in the epithelial lining of nose throat intestine enters limph nodes where it mulitiplies lymph to the blood if viremia is persistant enters CNS. fever, back pain partial or complete paralysis in relaxed state flaccid paralysis from invasion of motor neurons death from repiratory muscles being affected PREVENTION: sanitation and vaccination 3 serotypes of poliovirus Salk Vaccine-viruses inactivated IPV by treatment with formalin. requires series of injections and 90% effective against paralytic polio boster shots needed every few years new enhanced inactivated polio virus (EIPV) prepoduced on diploid cells and important for immunosuppressed adults SABIN VACCINCE: 3 living attenuated strains of virus. is more popular. immunity resembles that of one acquired after infection. |
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Arthropod-borne encephalitis |
arboviruses (rna viruses) strains that cause Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), Western (WEE) Venezuelan (VEE), St. Louis (SLE) MOT: Horses and birds reservoirs of infection. transmitted by infected mosquito SYMPTOMS: virus mulitp. on skin spreads to lymph nodes. viremia with large numbers of virues invade the CNS cause shrinkage and lysis of neurons. WEE-fever headache EEE- more serious, tissue necrosis in brain. fatal in 50-80%, survivors suffer permanent brain damage VEE resemble influenza SLE-most severe in elderly anorexia, myalgia, sore throat, some have neurological disorders, convulsions, alter conciousness TREATMENT: mosquito control and vaccinate horses |
